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Understanding the Various Types of Schools: Functions, Structures, and Educational Goals

This comprehensive overview explores the diverse types of schools that serve our communities, from public to private, and parochial to alternative schooling. Schools function as vital social institutions that help integrate youth into society, promote well-being, and preserve cultural heritage. By categorizing schools based on structure and curriculum—like Montessori and vocational training—this guide aims to enhance understanding of educational diversity and highlight the importance of improving adolescent education. Join us to learn more about the roles and challenges faced by different educational institutions.

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Understanding the Various Types of Schools: Functions, Structures, and Educational Goals

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  1. Where Teachers Work Goal- to increase understanding of the different kinds of schools

  2. What is a school? • Social institution- organization with identifiable structure to preserve social order • Move youth to mainstream society • Contribute to the workplace, preserve heritage • Ensure physical and psychological well-being

  3. Types of schools • Chart p. 173 • Public • Public Alternative • Private • Categorize – rural suburban, urban • Alternative- charter, vocational • Parochial

  4. Early Childhood Education • Early Childhood- Head Start Program, church sponsored, college schools, public/private pre-kindergarten • Daycare – in home or children’s center • Value -National Association for the education of the young child

  5. Elementary • Multi-grade • Nongraded • Alternatives to come

  6. Junior/Middle schools • 1990-2001 35% increase in middle schools • 1960’s separation of this age from high • National Middle Schools Ass. • Increase awareness of the need to improve education of our adolescents • Looping gaining popularity where teacher follows group of children to give better service

  7. High • Benefits/ Limits of Big or Small • Tracking (good or bad) • Vocational (Calvert Career Center) training for special jobs upon graduation

  8. Alternative Public • Magnet schools- 1970 answered to desegregation to achieve racial mix voluntarily • Open to children beyond geographical area • By choice and meets inclusion criteria • Curriculum based –special themes or instructional methods (art, science/tech, TAG)

  9. Montessori/Waldorf • Maria Montessori (18870-1952) focused on individuals rate of maturity and readiness in the early 1900, child learns when ready and desired areas, self paced and checked • Waldorf- Rudolf Stein early 1900’s child learns through senses, imitation and creative play- over 100 schools in US

  10. Independent • Private nonprofit tax exempt, over 27,000 in US- Board of Trustees governs school • Funds through tuition, donations • For Profit Schools 1980’s run by private companies- goal to make money Edison Schools in NYC

  11. Other schools • Independent schools supported by state funds and on contract with independent company • Parochial- Religious affiliated • Home Schools

  12. Principals Duties • Day to day running of schools • P. 189 skills and habits of highly effective principals

  13. Issues to discuss • Retention – Social promotion • Schedules - Block • Tracking • Graduation requirements- testing, attendance

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