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Handybook : Swift

Swift, likened to "Ruby on Rails for iOS," marks a significant evolution in programming languages, paralleling a rich history dating back to Objective-C in 1983. Developed under the influential guidance of Chris Lattner, Swift incorporates modern features such as static typing, optional types, and functional programming elements. It simplifies syntax while enhancing safety and performance, and its focus on clarity makes it accessible to developers. Despite its improvements, it has faced challenges like bugs in early Xcode versions and controversies over operator overloading.

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Handybook : Swift

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Handybook: Swift Jayant Sani

  2. Handybook Opinions • “It’s like Ruby on Rails, for iOS!” – Nikita • “A function should only do one thing and return one value” - Justin

  3. Brief History • 1983: Objective-C is created • 2000: Chris Lattner starts to work on LLVM, a compiler for Objective-C during college • 2007: LLVM project releases Clang • 2010: Lattner begins working on Swift • 2012: Apple ditches GCC, giving LLVM more flexibility • 2014: Apple announces Swift at WWDC

  4. High-Level Overview • Objective-C showing age – Smalltalk syntax • Around since the 1980s • Many modifications to make it modern • Compile time vs Runtime (Static and dynamic)

  5. Modern Language Features • No semicolons! • Static type system • Optional types • Functional Programming • Closures • Tuples • Generics • Automatic Reference Counting • Extensions • REPL (Playgrounds) • Designated and Convenience Initializers*

  6. Static Type System • Objective-C: Dynamic Typing, only object type was (id) in early stages Valid Objective-C code: NSString *string = @”Handybook”; id str = string NSDictionary *dict= str; dict[@”name”] • Compiles fine, runtime error • Swift: Static Typing

  7. Guess what returns

  8. Functional • Objective-C: Blocks • F*ckingblocksyntax.com returnType (^blockName)(parameterTypes) = ^returnType(parameters) { statements }; • Swift: Functions are first class objects, Closures (param1Type, param2Type, …) -> returnType { (params) -> returnType in statements }

  9. Generics Extensions Tuples

  10. Drawbacks • Xcode 6 is very, very, very buggy – beta • Proprietary • Operator overloading – controversial • No pointers – errors, functions • Dealing with JSON Data • Message passing vs. vtable • Vague constants – “let” keyword • No access modifiers • Objective-C without Smalltalk

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