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COLLEGE STUDENTS & GAMBLING

COLLEGE STUDENTS & GAMBLING. Adam Sechrist. Quick Facts. 50.4% Male college students who gamble on cards at least once a month. 26.6% Female students who gamble on cards at least once a month $3.1 billion: Internet gambling revenue in 2001.

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COLLEGE STUDENTS & GAMBLING

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  1. COLLEGE STUDENTS & GAMBLING Adam Sechrist

  2. Quick Facts • 50.4% Male college students who gamble on cards at least once a month. • 26.6% Female students who gamble on cards at least once a month • $3.1 billion: Internet gambling revenue in 2001. • $12 billion: Estimated internet gambling revenue in 2005. • Source: Anneberg Public Policy Center (2005). 2005 National Anneberg Risk Survey of Youth; Christansen Capital Advisors, LLC

  3. Scoring the SOGS • Question 1, 2 and 3 not counted: • 4. Most of the time I lose or every time I lose • 5 Yes, less than half the time I lose or yes, most of the time • 6. yes, in the past but not now or yes • 7. thru 11. each yes is one point • 12. Not scored • 13. Thru 16.i. Each yes one point • 16. j. and k. not scored

  4. PROBLEM GAMBLING “Gambling behavior which causes disruptions in any major area of life: psychological, physical, social, or vocational” (National Council on Problem Gambling) PATHOLOGICAL GAMBLING A chronic disorder that results in the loss of control over gambling. (DSM-IV)(312.31)

  5. Pathological Gambling DSM- IV Criteria • Preoccupation • 1. Is preoccupied with gambling (e.g., reliving past gambling experiences, handicapping or planning the next venture, or thinking of ways to get money with which to gamble. • Tolerance • 2. needs to gamble with increasing amounts of money in order to achieve the desired excitement. • Withdrawal • 3. Is restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gambling • Escape • 4. Gambles as a way of escaping from problems or relieving a dysphoric mood (feelings of helplessness, guilt, anxiety, or depression)

  6. Pathological Gambling DSM- IV Criteria • Chasing • 5. After losing money gambling, often returns another day in order to get even. • Lying • 6. Lies to family members, therapists, or others to conceal the extent of involvement with gambling. • Loss of Control • 7. Has made repeated unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back, or stop gambling. • Illegal Acts • 8. Has committed illegal acts (forgery, fraud, theft, or embezzlement) to finance gambling)

  7. Pathological Gambling DSM- IV Criteria • Risked significant relationship • 9. Has jeopardized or lost a significant relationship, job, education, or career opportunity because of gambling. • Bailout • 10. Has relied on others to provide money to relieve a desperate financial situation caused by gambling.

  8. Pathological Gambling DSM- IV Criteria • Scores • Pathological gamblers endorse 5 or more of the 10 criteria. • “Problem Gamblers” endorse 3 or 4 of the 10 criteria. • At “risk gamblers” score 1-2 of the criteria. • Best items: 3, 1, 5, 6, & 9.

  9. SOGS Scoring KEY • 0 = NO PROBLEM • 1-4 = SOME PROBLEM • 3-4 = PROBLEM GAMBLER • 5 or More = PROBABLE PATHOLOGICAL GAMBLER • Many gamblers presenting for care score over 10 on the SOGS.

  10. SOCIAL GAMBLING Occasional Gambler Hopes to win but expects to lose. Gambles for entertainment. Sets & sticks to limits of money and time. PROBLEM GAMBLING Spends more time gambling/planning to gamble. Expects to win; keeps playing to win back losses. Gambles to win, or to escape problems. Keeps playing. Uses needed $ or borrows. Telling the Difference

  11. Reasons students say they gamble • Chance to win money • Excitement of placing a bet • Spend time with friends • Distraction from everyday life • Think it’s a fast and easy way to get rich quick • To fit in or be accepted • The rush of winning • To feel important

  12. College Students Bet On: • Poker or other card games • Dice, video or board games for money • Car, horse, or dog racing • Lottery games • Slot or electronic poker machines • Stock market • Games of skill, like pool, golf, darts, or bowling • School, professional or fantasy sports • Source:http://www.gamblinghelp.org.sections/college/inside.html

  13. Where do college students gamble • Gamble on campus • At friend’s homes • Nearby casinos, and racetracks • Their own room. • Source:http://www.gamblinghelp.org.sections/college/inside.html

  14. A NEW CAMPUS FAVORITE: INTERNET GAMBLING • More than 1,400 internet casinos- all offshore Concerns- • so new that effects are not well studied • not much legal oversight or protection • very easy to hide • done in isolation • accelerated progression to problem gambling • Very accessible (gamble in your room in your underwear)

  15. Athletes vs. Non-Athletes • General gambling • Athletes 81% • Non-Athletes 81% • 28% of athletes gambled on athletic events • Rate of problem gambling: • Athletes 6.2% • Non-athletes 3.3%

  16. Most Popular Gambling Activities Among Athletes • Sports betting • 25% gambled on sports • 4% gambled on events they were involved in • Playing cards for money • Lotteries • Casino games • Casino-style machines (e.g., slots & video poker) Source: Miller et. Al, 2001

  17. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Survey • Nearly 70% of male student-athletes reported gambling in the past year versus 47% among females. • About 35% of males and 10% of females admitted to wagering on a sporting event in the past year, which is a direct violation of NCCA bylaws regarding sports wagering. • 20% of males and %5 of females bet on collegiate sporting events in the past year, even though if caught they would be banned from playing at an NCAA school for the rest of their lives. • Source:http://www.gamblinghelp.org.sections/college/inside.html

  18. 22% of male athletes and 6% of female student-athletes also admitted betting on football pools or with a bookie (a person who takes bets, typically for illegal activities) Among Division I, II, and III male student-athletes, 17% were classified as “potential problem gamblers or worse” versus 3% among their female counterparts. Overall, less than 5% of males and one-half of 1% of females were categorized as problem or compulsive gamblers. Source:http://www.gamblinghelp.org.sections/college/inside.html

  19. Making the Connections between Gambling and Risky Behaviors • Well-demonstrated relationship of problem gambling with other risky behaviors • Excessive alcohol use & binge drinking • Regular tobacco use • Illicit drug use • Overeating/binge eating • Academic & athletic failure • Crime • Debt • Depression & Suicide • Relationship problems • Source: Engwall & Steinberg, 2003: Ladouceur, Dube, & Bujold, 1994,; Lesieur, et at., 1991

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