Transportation Systems

1. Chapter 2 Legislation Government Agencies Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 1 Vehicles Highway System Air Transportation System Railway System Water Transportation System (Pipeline System) Users Levels of Services Technologies Transportation Systems

2. Major Arterial Minor Arterial Collector Collector Local Street Driveway Properties Interstate Highway Schematic Illustration of Highway Functional Classification

3. 1916 1921 1944 1956 1962 First Federal Road Act after motor vehicles were invented 50-50 match A formula (area, pop, mileage) Federal-Aid Highway Act 1) Funding on designated routes and 2) maintenance by states Federal-Aid Highway Act 1) National System of Interstate Hwy 2)Federal-Aided Secondary System Federal-Aid Highway Act National System of Interstate and Defense Highways 90-10 match Hwy Trust Fund FAH on Continuing Cooperative Comprehensive Planning on Urban Transport Facilities. Figure 2-1 Legislative Activities in Highway Transportation

4. 1964 1966 1970 1973 1974 1978 Urban Mass Transportation Act $375 transit Assistance National Traffic and Motor Veh. Safety Act and Hwy Safety Act, NHTSA, Safety Standards, hwy safety program. FAH, Urban Hwy System Impacts on economic, social,and environ. Hwy/LU FAH, Economic Growth Center Development hwy. Transit funding from the general fund Mass Transport Assistant Act 7.8 billion, 80-20 Fed-State 4.0 billion, 50-50 Fed-Local Six years Surface Transportation Assistance Act 5.9 b discretionary grants four years Figure 2-1 Legislative Activities in Highway Transportation (Cont’d)

5. 1980 1982 1987 1991 1997/98 Motor Carrier Act Surface Transportation Assistance Act for deteriorating hwy. Gas tax 9c, 4R program, Transit Funding Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act Safety Program Transit Funding ISTEA Integrated funding for both hwy and transit programs NHS, Surface Transportation Programs for any surface projects, IVHS, Safety ISTEA Reauthorization Figure 2-1 Legislative Activities in Highway Transportation (Cont’d)

6. Wright Brothers - 1925 1926 1930 1936 1938 Air Mail Service, Air Mail Act Air Commerce Act for air navigation and safety Air mail Act Postmaster General’s control on air industry Airmail Act. Air industry controlled by Post Office(air mail), ICC(rate to carriers), Depart. Of Commerce (safety and airway system). Civil Aeronautics Act Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) (legislative authority) Civil Aeronautics Admin (safety and airway) # of letters ---- weigh/distance--- space Figure 2-2 Legislative Activities in Air Transportation

7. 1946 1958 1970 1973 1978 Airport and Airway Development Act, Airport and Airway Revenue Act Airport and Airway coordination by planning and funding Public hearing, Taxes for AA Trust Fund 50-50 (General fund -Taxes) Airport Development Acceleration Act Federal Airport Act developing national system of airports Federal Aviation Act Federal Admin. Agency to replace CAA CAB and FAA responsibilities Airline Deregulation Act Deregulate domestic air passenger operations (CAB gone) Figure 2-2 Legislative Activities in Air Transportation (Cont’d)

8. 1982 1992 Airport and Airway Improvement Act Airport, air traffic control and navigation Airport and Airway Improvement Act Safety and noise compatibility Ground Access Figure 2-2 Legislative Activities in Air Transportation (Cont’d)

9. Before 1834 1852 1862 1887 1938 Federal Land Grants Right of Way through public lands Revenue Bill Taxes on rail operations Interstate Commerce Act for rail operations in interstate commerce. ICC Transportation Act returned rail carriers to private operations after War I Figure 2-3 Legislative Activities in Rail Transportation

10. 1958 1970 1973 1976 1976 Transportation Act Provide relief measures to prevent the declines of rail traffic Rail Passenger Service Act Bring financial relief to passenger service, AMTRAK National Railroad Passenger Corp. Regional Rail Reorganization Act United States Railway Association (USRA) ConRail Rail Transportation Improvement Act Provided more funding to save ConRail Railroad and Regulatory Reform Act (4-R act) $6.5 b Federal Aid, rates by railroads Figure 2-3 Legislative Activities in Rail Transportation (Cont’d)

11. 1980 1998 Staggars Rail Act Competition not regulatory discretion to save rail industry Competition results in the merge of ConRail, CSX, and Norfolk Southern Clinton’s NEXTEA proposal to fund AMTRAK through Highway Trust Fund. Figure 2-3 Legislative Activities in Rail Transportation (Cont’d)

12. 1916 Before 1850 1902 1912 1920 New York Barge Canal, Canal on Ohio River, and other canals. Rivers and Harbors Act Board of Engineers (Corps of Engineers) Waterway improvements Panama Canal Act Rail and inland water use of Panama Canal. Shipping Board Act for Ocean Transportation Transportation Act Encouraged, promoted, and developed water transportation Inland Waterways Corp. Figure 2-4 Legislative Activities in Water Transportation

13. 1978 1984 1940 1970 1928 Transportation Act Regulations of domestic water carriers. Public Law 95-502 inland water user fee Shipping Act Allowed to compete by providing freedom to make rates and services Merchant Marine Act, Subsidies for ocean transport Merchant Marine Act, significantly funding to save ocean transport Figure 2-4 Legislative Activities in Water Transportation (Cont’d)