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Plant Cell

Plant Cell. Cytoplasm Key process = Metabolism – all the chemical reactions that take place in the cell. Jelly like substance that contains the organelles. Analogy - Jello. Nucleus. Control Center Contains nearly all DNA – instructions for making proteins and other important molecules

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Plant Cell

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  1. Plant Cell

  2. Cytoplasm Key process = Metabolism – all the chemical reactions that take place in the cell. Jelly like substance that contains the organelles. Analogy - Jello

  3. Nucleus • Control Center • Contains nearly all DNA – instructions for making proteins and other important molecules • Surrounded by nuclear envelope/membrane • Key processes: Controls metabolism of cell, control Cell division, proteinsynthesis

  4. Chromosome • (The Data) … all the directions • (DNA)

  5. Nucleolus • Nucleolus – small dense region inside nucleus. Ribosomes are made here.

  6. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Transportation • Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) • Covered in ribosomes (rough) • Makes and transports proteins, especially membrane proteins • Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) • Synthesis (make) of membrane lipids • Contain enzymes that can detoxification of drugs – Liver has lots of SER’s Notice how the E.R. is attached to the nucleus …. Like the ‘hallways’

  7. Smooth and Rough ER Key process: Transportation of molecules

  8. Ribosomes! • Protein Factory • Proteins are assembled on these organelles by following coded instructions from the nucleus Key process: Proteinsynthesis

  9. Golgi Apparatus • Packaging Center • Modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage or secretion.

  10. Key processes: Packaging and sorting of proteins http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/vesiclebudding.html http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp04/0402002.html

  11. Mitochondria • Power House • Convert chemical energy stored in food to a form a cell can use (ATP) during the process of cellular respiration. • Contain own ‘Mitochondrial DNA’ • Has double membrane Key process: Cellular respiration C6H12O6 + O2 H2O +CO2 + ATP

  12. Chloroplast • Food Factory • Only in plants – Contains chlorophyll • Captures energy from the sun and converts it into chemical energy by a process called photosynthesis  • 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy (from sunlight)  C6H12O6 + 6 O2 Glucose Key process: Photosynthesis

  13. Plastids - Chloroplasts, Chromoplasts and Leucoplasts • Chromoplasts contain carotenoids that give flowers, fruit and autumn leaves their orange, yellow and red colors. • Leucoplasts store starch and other molecules for the cell. Many in potato cells. Process - Storage

  14. Mitochondria/Chloroplasts • These two utilize energy from food and the sun respectively and convert it into energy the cell can use.

  15. Cytoskeleton Process = support • Cell Framework • A network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape (microtubules, microfilaments)

  16. Vacuoles • Storage Facility • Plants have big vacuoles • Store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates • In plants, there is a large vacuole which helps with maintaining pressure (turgor pressure) Support • Allows plant to support heavy loads like leaves and branches

  17. Cell boundaries aka cell membrane • Cell membrane regulates what enters/leaves the cell. Process - Osmosis

  18. Process = Support And protection Cell Wall • Castle Wall • Only in Plant Cells • Provides support and protection for cell • Mostly made of cellulose • Cellulose is the key component of wood and paper

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