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COMMUNITY ECOLOGY II

This article explores the concept of predation in ecology, focusing on the relationship between predators and prey. It discusses the types of predators and prey, specifically using the example of sea urchins as prey and sea stars as predators. The article also examines the adaptations in prey for defense against predators and the various responses to predation, such as camouflage, warning coloration, mimicry, moment of truth defenses, and alluring coloration.

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COMMUNITY ECOLOGY II

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  1. COMMUNITY ECOLOGY II PP 403-404

  2. PREDATION (+/-) • one species eats another species • predator: eater and prey: eaten • Types: carnivores, herbivores

  3. PREY: SEA URCHINS • cyclic in nature – ↑ in prey leads to ↑ in predators (vice versa) • Adaptations in prey for defense against predators PREDATOR: SEA STARS

  4. RESPONSES TO PREDATION • camouflage: Cryptic coloration disguises an animal so it’s less visible to predators or prey

  5. warning coloration: intended not to camouflage an organism but to make it more noticeable - Bright coloring, scent, or taste to warn potential aggressors

  6. mimicry: physical (or behavioral resemblance) of one species to another 1. natural selection of a second moth species favors moths who look like the bad tasting species (bright colors) 2. color patterns may be similar

  7. moment of truth defenses: action by prey just before death that is unexpected by predator

  8. alluring coloration: animals are colored so a predator's attention is drawn to a non-vital part of the prey's body

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