1 / 7

Effect of experience

Effect of experience. Chapter 33. Effect of practice on motor skills. Repeated use of a motor skill establishes a motor pathway Leads to a formation of a ‘motor memory’ Practice improves performance - lack of practice results in skill being ‘rusty’ - (but not forgotten)

spurlockj
Télécharger la présentation

Effect of experience

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Effect of experience Chapter 33

  2. Effect of practice on motor skills • Repeated use of a motor skill establishes a motor pathway • Leads to a formation of a ‘motor memory’ • Practice improves performance • - lack of practice results in skill being ‘rusty’ • - (but not forgotten) • Learning curves illustrate improvement in performance • Eventually a maximum level is reached • – cannot be improved upon • E.g. finger maze

  3. Imitation • Children learn by imitating adults & other children • New tasks often learned quicker by watching & imitating others demonstrating • Easier if demonstration is broken up into opportunities to repeat the task learnt • Social skills & attitudes also learnt by imitation • Can lead to values & traditions being held for life • Many accepted in childhood can be rejected later • Social techniques are learnt best by imitation • - e.g. suitable tone of voice, sympathetic manner • Children often imitate behaviour presented by the media

  4. Learning, motivation, reinforcement • Motivation: • ‘inner drive’ - makes an animal want to participate in learning • Motivating factors – hunger, thirst, sexual drive etc • E.g: hungry & well fed rats in a box • Reinforcement: • process that makes an organism tend to repeat a certain piece of behaviour • Involves a positive response from a particular action • Can be positive or negative • Can also be continuous or intermittent

  5. Superstition Developed by a chance favourable event occurring in response to a piece of behaviour

  6. Shaping, extinction & rewarding • Shaping: • pattern of behaviour obtained by learner from trainer • - reinforcing successive approximations of the desired response • e.g child learning to use knife & fork, dog aiding the blind • Extinction: • disappearance of behaviour pattern due to lack of reinforcement • Intermittent reinforcement more resistant to extinction • Rewarding • – good behaviour reinforced with a ‘reward’ • Unacceptable behaviour goes unrewarded, or even punished

  7. Generalisation & Discrimination • Generalisation: • ability to respond in the same way to different but related stimuli • e.g boy with white rats • Discrimination: • ability to distinguish between different but related stimuli and give different responses • Taught by reinforcing desired response, but not reinforcing wrong response • e.g baby saying ‘mama’ to several adults

More Related