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The Interwar Period

The Interwar Period. 1919-39. Post WWI. Following the War, EVERY major European country was left nearly bankrupt. Only 2 countries came out prosperous: The US and Japan. WHY? European countries got loans from the US. Governments changed from Empires to Democracies- difficult change- Why?

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The Interwar Period

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  1. The Interwar Period 1919-39

  2. Post WWI • Following the War, EVERY major European country was left nearly bankrupt. • Only 2 countries came out prosperous: The US and Japan. WHY? • European countries got loans from the US. • Governments changed from Empires to Democracies- difficult change- Why? • Discuss the implications.

  3. Weimar Republic- Germany • 1919- was organized. • Weak democratic tradition • Blamed for WWI b/c they signed the Treaty of Versailles. Were they really at fault for WWI? • Large reparations print more$ INFLATION

  4. Inflation • The government was printing more money to pay debt that was not worth anything. • Example: in 1918 a loaf of bread cost less than a mark (German dollar) • 1922- it cost 160 Marks, and 200 BILLION by 1923. • People took wheelbarrows of $ to buy food.

  5. Kids stacking money- Money was worthless. People burned it for heat.

  6. The Great Depression • The World’s economy was dependent on the US economic prosperity. • 1920’s- Roaring 20’s- US producing ½ of worlds industrial goods. • Wall Street in NY financial capital of the world. • Booming US Economy led to High stock prices

  7. Stock Market Crashes. • Middle- income Americans bought stocks on margin--- they paid a small percentage of a stock’s price as a down payment and borrowed the rest from a stockbroker. • OK- if stocks rise, but if they fall… • Prices plunged on Tuesday, October 29th- “Black Tuesday” • 16 Million stocks were sold—and the market collapsed.

  8. Effects • Factory production cut in half • 1000’s of businesses failed • Banks closed • 9 million people lost all of the $ in the savings • Many farmers lost their land • By 1933, ¼ of all Americans had no jobs.

  9. Shanty Town- where homeless lived

  10. Children Playing in the Street

  11. Breadline

  12. A Global Depression • Germany and Austria hit hard because of their dependence on American loans • Japanese economy also slumped • Fell heavily on Latin America • Hit Britain severely- passed protective tariffs, increased taxes, and regulated the currency, lowered interest rates to encourage industrial growth.—Slow steady recovery. • FDR- the New Deal-

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