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Understanding Domain Name Systems: Hierarchy, Structure, and Resolution Techniques

This chapter delves into the intricate structure of domain name systems (DNS), covering various aspects such as hierarchical naming, domain labels, and the critical role of name servers. It explains the difference between flat and hierarchical name spaces, provides insights into DNS message types, and discusses the process of name resolution. The chapter includes figures illustrating fully qualified domain names (FQDN), resolver functions, and the distribution of name spaces across the Internet. Key DNS concepts like caching, recursive resolution, and iterative resolution methods are explored, providing a comprehensive overview of DNS functionality.

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Understanding Domain Name Systems: Hierarchy, Structure, and Resolution Techniques

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  1. Chapter 25 DomainName System

  2. 25.1 Name Space Flat Name Space Hierarchical Name Space

  3. 25.2 Domain Name Space Label Domain Name

  4. Figure 25.1Domain name space

  5. Figure 25.2Domain names and labels

  6. 25.6 DNS Messages Header Question Section Answer Section Authoritative Section Additional Information Section

  7. Figure 25.3FQDN and PQDN

  8. Figure 25.4Domains

  9. 25.3 Distribution of Name Spaces Hierarchy of Name Servers Zone Root Server Primary and Secondary Servers

  10. Figure 25.5Hierarchy of name servers

  11. Figure 25.6Zones and domains

  12. Note: A primary server loads all information from the disk file; the secondary server loads all information from the primary server.

  13. 25.4 DNS In The Internet Generic Domain Country Domain Inverse Domain

  14. Figure 25.7DNS in the Internet

  15. Figure 25.8Generic domains

  16. Table 25.1 Generic domain labels

  17. Table 25.2 New generic domain labels

  18. Figure 25.9Country domains

  19. Figure 25.10Inverse domain

  20. 25.5 Resolution Resolver Mapping Names to Addresses Mapping Addresses to Names Recursive Resolution Iterative Resolution Caching

  21. Figure 25.11Recursive resolution

  22. Figure 25.12Iterative resolution

  23. Figure 25.13Query and response messages

  24. Figure 25.14Header format

  25. Note: DNS can use the services of UDP or TCP, using the well-known port 53.

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