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The Skeletal System

Explore the axial and appendicular skeleton, their parts including the skull, vertebral column, bony thorax, shoulder and pelvic girdles. Learn about bone functions such as protection, support, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation.

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The Skeletal System

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  1. The Skeletal System

  2. Objective 1 Identify the subdivisions of the skeleton as axial or appendicular

  3. The Skeletal System • Parts of the skeletal system • Bones (skeleton) • Joints – point of movement • Cartilages – protection • Ligaments – connect bone to bone • Divided into two divisions • Axial skeleton • Appendicular skeleton

  4. The Axial Skeleton • Forms the longitudinal, central part of the body • Divided into three parts • Skull

  5. The Skull Figure 5.7

  6. The Axial Skeleton • Forms the longitudinal, central part of the body • Divided into three parts • Skull • Vertebral column

  7. The Vertebral Column • Vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs • The spine has a normal curvature • Each vertebrae is given a name according to its location Figure 5.14

  8. The Axial Skeleton • Forms the longitudinal, central part of the body • Divided into three parts • Skull • Vertebral column • Bony thorax

  9. The Bony Thorax • Forms a cage to protect major organs • Made-up of three parts • Sternum • Ribs • Thoracic vertebrae Figure 5.19a

  10. The Appendicular Skeleton • Limbs (appendages) – all arm and leg bones • Pectoral girdle • Clavicle, scapula

  11. Bones of the Shoulder Girdle Figure 5.20a–b

  12. The Appendicular Skeleton • Limbs (appendages) – all arm and leg bones • Pectoral girdle • Clavicle, scapula • Pelvic girdle • Ilium, ishium, pubic bone

  13. The Pelvis Figure 5.23a

  14. Objective 2 List 5 functions of bones.

  15. Functions of Bones • Protection of soft organs (ribs/lungs & Heart, skull/brain) • Support of the body (keeps us up) • Movement due to attached skeletal muscles and levers (joints) • Storage of minerals (calcium and phosphorus) and fats • Blood cell formation …in the marrow (center) of long bones

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