THIS IS THE WAY ENUM Variants Jim McEachern Carrier VoIP Standards Strategy

1. THIS IS THE WAY ENUM Variants Jim McEachern Carrier VoIP Standards Strategy THIS IS

2. ENUM Variants • User ENUM • Infrastructure ENUM • Private ENUM • Enterprise ENUM • ENUM to enable new business models

3. Important Aspects of ENUM • Access • Public DNS (e164.arpa) or Private? • Content • User URI (AoR) or Interconnection URI? • Control of content • End user opt-in & control, or carrier control? • Routing decision • originating end user, terminating end user, or carrier?

4. ENUM for Dummies User ENUM Infrastructure ENUM Public (e164.arpa) Private ENUM Infrastructure ENUM? Private User URI Interconnect URI

5. Who is in Control? User ENUM Infrastructure ENUM End User opt-in Public (e164.arpa) Private ENUM Infrastructure ENUM? Carrier Control Private User URI Interconnect URI

6. ENUM Variants • User ENUM • Infrastructure ENUM • Private ENUM • Enterprise ENUM • ENUM for new business model

7. User ENUM (SIP) Call Flow ENUM Global Directory (DNS) Equates +1-202-555-1234 to sip:name@domain.com to enable Voice over IP using SIP 3. DNS returns NAPTR record containing SIP URL 2. Calling party proxy UAC queries DNS for location of end point 1. The caller simply dials the person’s normal telephone number 4. Calling party UA connects the call ENUM typically illustrated like this, but…

8. User ENUM vs. SIP User ENUM query can return a single response, or multiple responses, with priority indicated. • sipping WG (RFC 3824) recommends returning a single SIP address-of-record, and letting SIP mechanisms deal with priorities, capabilities, preference, presence & redirection. • User ENUM allows multiple entries, including priorities and capabilities. • SIP, H.323, mobile, messages, email, etc. • can even return another E.164 number • duplicates functionality in SIP • no consensus on which should be used • User ENUM provides user preferences for being reached • hints to help the caller decide where to direct the call • nothing requires the caller to follow those preferences

9. Alternative User ENUM/SIP Call Flow ENUM Global Directory (DNS) Equates +1-613-555-1234 to sip:jmce@domain.com to enable Voice over IP using SIP ENUM 3. DNS returns NAPTR record containing SIP URL to Calling Party UA 2. SIP UAC queries DNS for location of end point Response sip:jmce@domain.com Query 4.3.2.1.5.5.5.3.1.6.1.e164.arpa? Call Setup 1. Caller dials normal phone number Sip Sip:jmce@domain.com SIP Proxy SIP Proxy Dial +1-613-555-1234 4. Caller’s UA initiates call with SIP URL ENUM query can be done by VoIP client

10. SIP Proxy SIP Proxy Internet User ENUM for Routing? ENUM ? SIP Client B ? SIP Client A Carrier B Carrier A ? User ENUM cannot provide routing

11. ENUM Variants • User ENUM • Infrastructure ENUM • Private ENUM • Enterprise ENUM • ENUM for new business model

12. SIP Proxy SIP Proxy Internet Infrastructure ENUM I-ENUM SIP Client B SIP Client A Carrier B Carrier A Infrastructure ENUM identifies interconnect point

13. VoIP Peering • IETF SPEERMINT WG is addressing VoIP peering problem in cooperation with Infrastructure ENUM • Infrastructure ENUM identifies the carrier of record, but… • if you have a business relationship, you already know the interconnection point for that carrier. • if you don’t have a business relationship, you probably won’t be allowed to directly interconnect anyway. What problem is SPEERMINT solving?

14. ENUM Variants • User ENUM • Infrastructure ENUM • Private ENUM • Enterprise ENUM • ENUM for new business model

15. ENUM for 3GPP IMS • IMS specifies that all routing shall be based on SIP URI • E.164 numbers shall be translated to SIP URI using ENUM, “or any other suitable translation database” • ENUM in IMS must be Private ENUM • full SIP URI required for routing • data privacy laws • competitive information • Infrastructure ENUM can be used to interconnect between IMS networks

16. P-ENUM SIP Proxy SIP Proxy Internet IMS - Private ENUM I-ENUM P-ENUM SIP Client B SIP Client A Carrier B Carrier A Private ENUM Translates E.164 - to - URI

17. ENUM Variants • User ENUM • Infrastructure ENUM • Private ENUM • Enterprise ENUM • ENUM for new business model

18. SIP Proxy SIP PBX Internet Enterprise ENUM Internal translation from E.164 to SIP URI SIP Client B ENUM ENUM 1 2 3 SIP Client C SIP Client A Carrier B Carrier A Enterprise ENUM can take many forms

19. Enterprise ENUM User ENUM Infrastructure ENUM 3 Public (e164.arpa) 2 Private ENUM Infrastructure ENUM? 1 Private User URI Interconnect URI

20. ENUM Variants • User ENUM • Infrastructure ENUM • Private ENUM • Enterprise ENUM • ENUM for new business model

21. SIP Proxy SIP PBX New ENUM Applications - vCard vCard ENUM SIP Client B SIP Client A Carrier B Carrier A Query based on originating E.164 number

22. SIP Proxy SIP PBX New ENUM Applications - CNAM P-ENUM SIP Client B SIP Client A Carrier B Carrier A Query based on originating E.164 number

23. Summary • When ENUM is specified, which variant is intended? • ENUM flavors are reasonably orthogonal • With clear rules they could be completely orthogonal • Many interesting applications for ENUM will use Private ENUM

24. Thank you