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Living things are different but share similar structures (SC.F.1.2.3)

Living things are different but share similar structures (SC.F.1.2.3). By: Jorge Lallave. Grade Level Expectations. Students should distinguish common characteristics of vertebrate animals. Like mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians.

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Living things are different but share similar structures (SC.F.1.2.3)

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  1. Living things are different but share similar structures(SC.F.1.2.3) By: Jorge Lallave

  2. Grade Level Expectations • Students should distinguish common characteristics of vertebrate animals. Like mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians. • Students should understands similarities and differences among plants. • Although plants and animals are different, they also share common characteristics. Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  3. How Scientists group living Things? Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  4. All kingdoms can be broken in small groups according common characteristics. A detail classification should includes the following steps in the ladder. Phylum –Second highest classification it covers different groups with a common physical characteristics. Class –Grouped families according a shared attribute. (mammals) Order– How the a class group survive? (carnivorous, herbivorous) Family – Taxonomic group containing one or more genera. Genus – The second smallest group Species –Smallest group whose members can interbreed. The science of classifying things is called Taxonomy. Classification goes beyond kingdom level Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  5. Classification beyond kingdom level Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  6. Animal Kingdom-is composed of living things made of many cells. They must eat other animals or plants to survive. Phylum • Vertebrate animals have backbone. Examples • Amphibians (moist skin, no scale) • Frogs, toads and newts. • Birds (wings,feather,beak) • Fish(fins, scales, gill) • Mammals ( hair, milk) • Dog, cats, bears. • Reptiles (dry, scale skin) • Snakes, turtles, alligator. Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  7. Animal Kingdom Continues Phylum • Invertebrate animals do not have backbone. Examples • Arthropods (joints, shells) • Crustaceans (crab, lobster) • Insects (beetles, ants) • Arachnids (spiders) • Mollusks (sea creatures) • sponge • Snails • leaches Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  8. Classifying the group of the animals according to the physical characteristics Vertebrate • Amphibians • Birds • Fish • Mammals • Marsupials • Primates • Cetaceans • Reptiles Invertebrate • Annelids • Arachnids • Crustaceans • Echinoderms • Insects • Mollusks • Protozoa Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  9. Plant Kingdom-iscomposed of all plants made of many cells with nuclei. Plants produce their own food. • Phylum • Vascular plants – have tubes on roots, stem, and leaves. • Examples • Trees, bushes, and ornamental plants • Seed plants • Angiosperms make their seeds in flowers. • Gymnosperms produced seed in cones (conifers, pine) Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  10. Plant Kingdom Cont’s… • Phylum • Nonvascular plants – don’t have tubes. • Examples • Lichens • Liverworts • Non-Seed plantsare able to produce new plants without seeds. (Sporea single reproductive cell) • Ferns • Mosses • Algae (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  11. Botany is the study of plants. A scientist who studies plants is a botanist, and anatomy is a science that study how living things are including their parts. Two main types of root: taproot system, a single large root that grows straight down. fibrous root system, smaller branching roots. Plants Anatomy (1) (2) • Two main types of stem: • green stems are thin flexible tubes in a bundle that holds the plant. • woody stems grows taller and thicker every year. (3) (4) Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  12. Plants Anatomy Cont’s… The tubes which carry water are called xylem, and the ones that carry the food are called phloem. • Two main types of leaves • Needle leaves are thin pointed, and very tough. • Broad leaves, are wider and expose more surface to the sun. • Main parts of a leaf • Central stalk called the “petiole”. • Lamina is the blade of a leaf. • Veins carry the water and food. • Tiny holes microscopic in size, called “stomates”. • Midribis the central rib of a leaf. (1) (2) (3 to 7) Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  13. Flowering plantshave a characteristics that all other kinds of plants do not have:Afloweras part of the plant where seeds are made. • Pistil- female reproductive tissue of a flower. • Style - is a long tube on top of the ovary, and below the stigma. • Anatomy of a flower • Anther - tip of a flower's stamen • Stamen- male reproductive organ, contains the pollen. • Filament- holds the anther and part of the stamen. • Ovary- is a female reproductive organ, base of the pistil. • Petal- leafy structures that comprise a flower. • Sepal- small leaves located directly under a flower. • Stem - supports the plant. • Stigma- uppermost part of the pistil, receives the male pollen. (I) Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  14. Classifying Leaves Students should classify different leaves according to their: LEAF SHAPES (Commonly-employed terms.) • Ovate-egg-shaped with the larger end at the bottom. • Elliptic-shaped like an ellipse, tapered at both ends and with curved sides. • Oblong-tapered to both ends, but with the sides more or less parallel. • Lanceolate-shaped like the tip of a lance. Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  15. Classifying Leaves LEAF SHAPES (Commonly-employed terms.) • Linear- long and thin, with the sides parallel. Like grass leaves. • Orbicular-nearly circular in outline • Cordate-heart-shaped with the wide part at the bottom • Hastate-with two basal lobes that point straight out Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  16. Classifying Leaves LEAF SHAPES (Commonly-employed terms.) • Sagittate-with two basal lobes that point backwards • Peltate-with the petiole attached to the center of the underside of the blade • Perfoliate-with the petiole appearing to run through the center of the leaf • Terete-circular in cross-section. Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  17. Common Characteristics Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  18. Different Characteristics • Animals move freely and plants are rooted in the soil. • Animals take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide. • Animals do not make their own food and do not have chlorophyll. • Animal cells do not have a cell wall. • Animals eat plants, but plants do not eat animals generally. • Animals in general are more advanced in their structure than plants. Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  19. Website Activities Animals Plants Games House Experiments Test Fungi Workbook sheets Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

  20. References • Harcourt Science, 4th grade “The Chameleon cover", Harcourt School Publisher, Unit A pp.4-110. • http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/plntcell.htm • Harcourt Science, 5th grade “The Frog cover", Harcourt School Publisher, Unit A pp.2-126. • www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html • http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/Animals/Animals.htm • http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/CURR/Science/sciber00/7th/classify/sciber/5king2.htm • http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/Animals/Animals.htm • http://csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/tfplab/vegchar.htm • http://www.dmturner.org/Teacher/Library/4thText/ PlantsPart1-4.html Processes of Life USF/NSF/STARS

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