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SENIORS… Tell your Tribond how you feel about the Bible you own? Is it trustworthy?

SENIORS… Tell your Tribond how you feel about the Bible you own? Is it trustworthy?. SENIORS… Tuesday start-up Two pray Tuesday. In your Tribond have one person pray for the school and another pray for the country. THIS WEEK IN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE.

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SENIORS… Tell your Tribond how you feel about the Bible you own? Is it trustworthy?

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  1. SENIORS… Tell your Tribond how you feel about the Bible you own? Is it trustworthy?

  2. SENIORS… Tuesday start-up Two pray Tuesday. In your Tribond have one person pray for the school and another pray for the country

  3. THIS WEEK IN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY

  4. TRANSMISSION OFSCRIPTURE HOW DO WE KNOW WE HAVE THE RIGHT WORDS?

  5. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Basic facts of transmission: • The Old Testament was originally written in two languages, Aramaic (portions of Ezra and Daniel) and Hebrew (everything else), from 1500-400 B.C.

  6. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Basic facts of transmission: • The New Testament was originally written in Koine Greek from 40-100 A.D.

  7. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Basic facts of transmission: • The most readily available writing materials were stone, papyri, and parchment (vellum) until the codex was developed in the 2nd century B.C.

  8. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Basic facts of transmission: • All transmissions of the Bible were handwritten until the invention of the printing press in the 15th century by Johann Gutenberg

  9. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Basic facts of transmission: • At times errors were made by the scribes who copied the Scriptures- each different reading among the “extant” or existing manuscripts is called a variant

  10. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Basic facts of transmission: • There are more than 300,000 variants in the New Testament alone! • (don’t get too worried- 99+% of the variants found are simply differences in word order or spelling)

  11. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Basic facts of transmission: • These variant manuscripts are investigated through a process called textual criticism

  12. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Textual Criticism: • Science of reconstructing the original text of the Scriptures based upon the available manuscript evidence

  13. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE • Two primary factors textual critics look for in ancient manuscripts: • What is the time span between the original and the copies? • How many copies exist?

  14. Important NT Papyri

  15. Important NT Codex

  16. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE • Leningrad Codex (Codex P): written in A.D. 916

  17. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Codex Leningrad 400 150 200 350 900 Present

  18. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE • Septuagint (LXX): Greek translation of the Old Testament translated around 300–150 B.C. Earliest copy A.D. 400 (a, A, B)

  19. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Codex Leningrad LXX 150 200 900 400 350 Present

  20. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE • Targums: Aramaic paraphrases of the Old Testament after A.D. 200

  21. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Codex Leningrad LXX Targums 150 200 900 400 350 Present

  22. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE 4. Dead Sea Scrolls: Found in 1948, contained copies or portions of every book in the Old Testament except Esther (there is a full copy of Isaiah dating back to 200-135 B.C.)

  23. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Codex Leningrad LXX DSS Targums 150 200 900 400 350 Present

  24. Identical text-type with Isaiah Scroll TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Codex Leningrad LXX DSS Targums 400 150 200 900 350 Present

  25. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Rules followed by the Masorites: • Only parchments from clean animals could be used • Each column of the scroll was to have no fewer than 48 and no more than 60 lines whose breadth must consist of 30 letters

  26. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Rules followed by the Masorites: 3. The ink was to be black, prepared according to a specific recipe 4. No word or letter was to be written from memory 5. There was to be a space of a hair between each consonant and the space of a consonant between each word

  27. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE Rules followed by the Masorites: 6. The scribe must wash himself entirely and be in full Jewish dress before beginning to copy the scroll 7. He could not write the name YHWH with a newly dipped brush, nor take notice of anyone, even a king, while writing the sacred name

  28. Palestine Samaritan Pentateuch Proto-Masoretic Text Qumran Text Babylon Proto-Masoretic Text Egypt Septuagint (LXX) >100 B.C. Proto-Masoretic Text Standardized (1st century) 100 B.C. –400 A.D. Masoretic Text 500 –1000 A.D.

  29. TRANSMISSION OF SCRIPTURE • Questions: • How do we know that the Bible we have today is the same as when it was first written? • Did the scribes ever make mistakes when copying the Bible? If so, how significant were the mistakes?

  30. SENIORS… Group number 6 prepare to present next weeks memory verse. Everyone else please read John 8:44

  31. SENIORS… Wednesday start-up Please pray Mr. E and Mr. LaBarbera’s safety as they tour Israel and the surrounding areas.

  32. THIS WEEK IN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY

  33. SENIORS… After all your have learned about transmission of the Bible, which translation in English to you think is the most accurate?

  34. SENIORS… Thursday start-up In your Tribond pray over the theme in your life. “Fall into His story.”

  35. THIS WEEK IN SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY

  36. TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURE How did we get the ESV, NAS, and KJV? What manuscripts or codex were used in translating to English? Were they originals?

  37. TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURE The Greek and Hebrew manuscripts used to create English translations of the Bible were not originals. Jesus taught from copies, not originals and treated them as authoritative.

  38. TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURE The thorough transmission process makes for trustworthiness. To not accept the copies of the NT is to throw out Homer, Plato, and Aristotle from your bookstore shelves.

  39. TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURE The Bible has been translated into nearly 3,000 languages. The first translation of the English Bible was initiated by John Wycliffe and completed by John Purvey in 1388.

  40. TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURE • Unfamiliar with Hebrew and Greek Wycliffe translated from Latin into English. • Wycliffe used the Latin Vulgate as his source. The Latin Vulgate was translated from Greek by Jerome. • He used the Greek Septuagint for the OT • Then later revised from Hebrew OT • He revised Latin NT rather than translate from Greek. (This work was already done).

  41. TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURE Until Wycliffe’s English Bible the Bible was not privately owned and read but controlled by the church (Latin) Wycliffe’s English Bible revealed the church’s rituals, ceremonies, and doctrines were not from the Bible. Wycliffe pronounced that we are saved by divine grace!

  42. TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURE Wycliffe decided the best way to fight the corrupt church was to give everyone a Bible. His English translation is released in 1380 but not printed. 1384 Wycliffe died, the church had his body dug up and burned and his ashes thrown into the Swift River. 1388 John Purvey continued Wycliffe’s work.

  43. TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURE By 1425 the Renaissance brought new interest into the study of classic writings. Interest in learning Hebrew and Greek followed. By 1450 Gutenberg’s press invented making mass copies of print. In 1448 Pope Nicolas brings Codex Vaticanus, an ancient Greek text (4th century), to the Vatican (this matters later) By 1500 Oxford began teaching Greek

  44. TRANSLATION OF SCRIPTURE In 1515 William Tyndale graduates from Oxford In 1516 Erasmus (a priest) publishes his Textus Receptus. It was 5 Greek New Testament manuscripts. 1. 11th century MSS of Gospels, Acts, Epistles 2. 5th century MSS of Gospels 3. 12th-14th century of Acts and Epistles 4. 15th century of Acts and Epistles 5. 12th century of Revelation (using Latin to fill gaps)

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