1 / 25

European religions today Catholic in Southwest/Central Protestant in Northwest Orthodox in East/Southea

European religions today Catholic in Southwest/Central Protestant in Northwest Orthodox in East/Southeast Muslim in part of Southeast. Balkans shatterbelt. Balkans shatterbelt. Ethnic diversity Meeting of Orthodox, Catholics, Muslims

stillman
Télécharger la présentation

European religions today Catholic in Southwest/Central Protestant in Northwest Orthodox in East/Southea

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. European religions today Catholic in Southwest/Central Protestant in Northwest Orthodox in East/Southeast Muslim in part of Southeast

  2. Balkans shatterbelt

  3. Balkans shatterbelt Ethnic diversity Meeting of Orthodox, Catholics, Muslims Competition between Russian, Ottoman, Austrian spheres “Balkanization”

  4. Austro-Hungarian Empire

  5. Ottoman Empire Losses, 1878

  6. Macedonia claimed by Setbia, Bulgaria, Greece

  7. Muslims as Ottoman Legacy SANJAK (Serb.-Mont.) TURKS (Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova) ALBANIANS (Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia) BOSNIANS (Bosniaks: converted Serbo-Croats) Turkey Pécs church in Hungary (former mosque)

  8. Types of territoriality State Ethnic Religious Fears of Balkanization (splitting state into ethnic or religious parts)

  9. State territoriality (“patriotism”) Place identity based on political unit (Serbian, Croatian) “I am an American.” “I am a Nigerian.” (Civil wars)

  10. NATION Not a state: A cultural group with a territorial identity; stitching together many local identities Over 5,000 ethnic “nations” cannot all become states, yet many are large enough to survive (larger than some states).

  11. Theories of nationhood Primordialism (nation is essential/family, in the “blood”) Instrumentalism (nation is top-down, self-serving project of elites) Constructivism (nation is constructed both by elites and masses)

  12. Ethnic territoriality (“nationalism”) Place identity based on ethnicity (Serb, Croat) Basques in Spain/France Québecois in Canada

  13. Homeland Territorialization of national identity: Past “golden age” Present security Future prosperity/glory

  14. Battle of Kosovo Polje (Blackbird Field), 1389

  15. Battle of Kosovo Polje (Blackbird Field), 1389 Muslim Turks defeat Serbian (and Albanian) Christians under Prince Lazar. Knights’ blood “turns into” red poppies. Sacred site for Serbian nationalism

  16. NATION-STATE State with one nation (none “pure” but some close) Nearly all states multiethnic (more than one nation)

  17. Nation-States and Multiethnic States

  18. National Congruence Desire for state boundaries to match ethnic boundaries ( Greater _________ ) * If majority does not want minority * If minority wants self-determination Boundaries of Albania in different eras

  19. Religious Territoriality States defined by religion Saudi Arabia Vatican City Vatican City Israel Iran

  20. Core group States are constructed around a dominant ethnic, racial or religious group English in U.K. Whites in U.S. Russians in U.S.S.R. & Russia

  21. Majority nationalism Equating “patriotism” with “nationalism” State usually represents core group, but also needs loyal minorities Hindu mobs attack Indian Muslim neighborhood English attack immigrants German skinheads attack Turks KKK rally against immigrants, 1925

  22. Minority nationalism For “self-determination” Not only secession but autonomy Reaction to majority nationalism? What if minority becomes majority? Puerto Rico East Timor Lithuania

  23. Secession Separation from state (independence) Autonomy (self-rule) not offered, or not enough

  24. Irredentism Joining ethnic minority with a country where they are majority, To form Greater________ Germany annexes ethnic German region of Czechoslovakia, 1938

  25. State response to minority: Coercion Ethnocide (forced assimilation) Hungarian sign defaced in Romania. Turks forced to Change names in Bulgaria. Genocide (extermination) Holocaust in Europe (Not only Germany)

More Related