Norfolk Community Risk Register

1. Norfolk Community Risk Register

2. This presentation: • Introduces the Norfolk Community Risk Register • Explains how risks on the Register are assessed • Describes how the Register is used to inform civil contingency planning in Norfolk A glossary of terms and abbreviations can be accessed by clicking: Glossary Abbreviations

3. Community Risk Register The Norfolk Community Risk Register is published by the Norfolk Resilience Forum. The Register provides information about hazards that may be experienced in our County of Norfolk and how they can be managed. For a fuller explanation go to: “What is the Community Risk Register?”

4. Managing Risk We personally manage risk all the time. How do we do this in a systematic way? We are taught from an early age to take precautions* to ensure we cross a road safely. * Sometimes called “mitigation measures” in risk terminology

5. Assessing Risk In a similar way we consider the hazards we may encounter in Norfolk: • how likely they are to occur • the impact of each hazard and arrive at an assessment of risk Risks can be summarised in a table or visually in a Risk Matrix.

6. Potential Hazards? The following are examples, in no particular order, of potential hazards within Norfolk: • Fire • Flood • Epidemic • Power cut • Severe weather • Transport collision • Pollution – air, land, water • Structural collapse

7. Likelihood and Impact To identify measures to put in place to manage or control each risk we consider: • The likelihood of encountering a hazard • The impact of the hazard Together, these determine the level of risk that a particular hazard poses. We can illustrate this on a Risk Matrix

8. Impact 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 Likelihood Risk Matrix Hazards have been assessed based on the likelihood of the event happening and the economic, environmental, health and social impacts that could result. This determines the risk rating for the hazard:

9. Monitoring Risk We monitor risk and the Community Risk Register is periodically updated: • Is the hazard getting worse (in frequency or intensity)? • Will changing circumstances increase vulnerability? • Are particular people or properties more or less at risk? The risk rating is adjusted according to whether the risk is becoming more or less serious.

10. Reducing Risk Risk can be managed by putting controls in place to reduce vulnerability: • Making it less likely that an event will happen • Reducing the potential impact of a hazard • Making a hazard more predictable and easier to avoid • Reducing future exposure • Minimising the exposure of particularly vulnerable people and critical infrastructure

11. Risk Matrix Impact Click on a hazard for more information Note: only Very High and High Risk ratings are included in this matrix Likelihood

12. Community Risk Register The Community Risk Register is a comprehensive summary spreadsheet of risks within Norfolk that have been identified and assessed. To go to the full public Norfolk Community Risk Register click here.

13. Managing Risk – Plans Norfolk Resilience Forum and its members have contingency plans to prepare for and respond to the risks identified in the Community Risk Register. The following provides a summary of published plans and a link to each full plan.

14. Summary of Published Plans Click on a title to take you to the full plan. Norfolk Emergency Response & Recovery Strategy Norfolk Strategic Flood Response Note that risks included in the published Risk Register cover non-malicious events (hazards). It does not include threats such as terrorist incidents. Restricted plans are not published.

15. Glossary (B – C)a short guide to risk related terms Bronze Operational level within a single organisation at which the management of ‘hands-on’ work is undertaken at the incident site or associated areas. Category 1 responder A person or body listed in the Civil Contingencies Act likely to be at the core of the response to most emergencies. As such, they are subject to the full range of civil protection duties in the Act. Category 2 responder A person or body listed in the Civil Contingencies Act who are co-operating responders, less likely to be involved in the heart of multi-agency planning work, but heavily involved in preparing for incidents affecting their sectors. The Act requires them to co-operate and share information with other Category 1 and 2 responders. Civil Contingencies Act 2004 This Act sets the framework for civil protection at the local level in the UK.

16. Glossary (C)a short guide to risk related terms Community resilience Communities and individuals harnessing local resources and expertise to help themselves in an emergency, in a way that complements the response of the emergency services. Community Risk Register A register containing an assessment of the risks within a local resilience area agreed by the Local Resilience Forum as a basis for supporting the preparation of emergency plans. Consequences Impact resulting from the occurrence of a particular hazard or threat, measured in terms of the numbers of lives lost, people injured, the scale of damage to property and the disruption to essential services and commodities. Control centre Operations centre from which the management and co-ordination of the response to an emergency is carried out.

17. Glossary (C – E)a short guide to risk related terms Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 1999 Regulations applying to the chemical industry and to some storage sites where threshold quantities of dangerous substances, as identified in the Regulations, are kept or used. Controlled area The area contained – by an outer cordon. Emergency An event or situation that threatens serious damage to human welfare in a place in the UK or to the environment of a place in the UK, or war or terrorism which threatens serious damage to the security of the UK. To constitute an emergency this event or situation must require the implementation of special arrangements by one or more Category 1 Responders. Emergency planning Development and maintenance of agreed procedures to prevent, reduce, control, mitigate and take other actions in the event of an emergency.

18. Glossary (E – G)a short guide to risk related terms Emergency planning cycle A continuous process of assessing the risk of and preparing for emergencies supported by procedures to keep staff in readiness and validate plans. Plans should also be reviewed and, if necessary, revised when they have been activated in response to an emergency. Family and Friends Reception Centre Assistance Centre established by the Police to cater for the family and friends of people affected by an emergency. Gold Strategic decision makes within a single organisation. They establish the framework within which operational and tactical managers work in responding to an recovering from emergencies.

19. Glossary (H)a short guide to risk related terms Hazard An accidental or naturally occurring event or situation with the potential to cause physical (or psychological) harm to members of the community (including loss of life), damage or losses to property, and/or disruption to the environment or to structures (economic, social, political) upon which a community’s way of life depends. Humanitarian Assistance Centres Assistance centre established during the first 72 hours of an emergency to cater for the medium and longer term needs of people affected by an emergency.

20. Glossary (I)a short guide to risk related terms Integrated Emergency Management An approach to preventing and managing emergencies which entails six key activities – anticipation, assessment, prevention, preparation, response and recovery. IEM is geared to the idea of building great overall resilience in the face of a broad range of disruptive challenges. It requires a coherent multi-agency effort. Impact The scale of the consequences of a hazard or threat expressed in terms of a reduction in human welfare, damage to the environment and loss of security.

21. Glossary (I – L)a short guide to risk related terms Inner cordon Cordon established to secure the immediate scene and provide a measure of protection for personnel working within the area. Lead Responder A Category 1 responder charged with carrying out a duty under the Act on behalf of a number of responder organisations, so as to co-ordinate its delivery and to avoid unnecessary duplication. Likelihood Chance of something happening, whether defined, measured or estimated objectively or subjectively, or in terms of general descriptors (such as rare, unlikely, almost certain), frequencies or mathematical probabilities.

22. Glossary (L – M)a short guide to risk related terms Local Resilience Forum A process for bringing together all the Category 1 and 2 responders within a local Police area for the purpose of facilitating co-operation in fulfilment of their duties under the Act. Major incident Event or situation requiring a response under one or more of the emergency services Major Incident Plans. Media plan A key plan for ensuring co-operation between Category 1 and 2 responders and the media in communicating during and after an emergency.

23. Glossary (M)a short guide to risk related terms Mitigation measures Measures taken in advance of an event aimed at reducing the impact of a hazard on society and the environment. Multi-agency plan A plan for the coordination and integration of the response to an emergency by a number of organisations. Mutual aid An agreement between Category 1 and 2 responders and other organisations not covered by the Act, within the same sector or across sectors and across boundaries, to provide assistance with additional resource during an emergency.

24. Glossary (O – R)a short guide to risk related terms Outer cordon Cordon established around the vicinity of an incident and encompassing the inner cordon, to control access to a wider area around the scene to allow the emergency services, and other agencies to work unhindered and in privacy. Plan validation Measures to ensure that a plan meets the purpose for which it was designed, through exercises, tests, etc. Recovery The process of rebuilding, restoring and rehabilitating the community following an emergency.

25. Glossary (R)a short guide to risk related terms Rendezvous Point Point to which all vehicles and resources arriving at the outer cordon are directed for logging, briefing, equipment issue and deployment. Resilience The ability of the community, services, area or infrastructure to detect, prevent and if necessary to withstand, handle and recover from the consequences of an incident. Rest Centre Building, including overnight facilities, designated by the Local Authority for the temporary accommodation of evacuees. Risk Measures of the significance of a potential emergency in terms of its assessed likelihood and impact.

26. Glossary (R)a short guide to risk related terms Risk Appetite Willingness of an organisation to accept a defined level of risk. Risk Assessment A structured and auditable process of identifying potentially significant events, assessing their likelihood and impacts, and then combining these to provide an overall assessment of risk, as a basis for further decisions and action. Risk Management All activities, processes and structures directed towards the effective management of risks and their potential adverse impacts. Risk Priority The relative importance of the treatment(s) required for the management of the risk, based on the risk rating and the additional capabilities required to manage risk.

27. Glossary (R-S)a short guide to risk related terms Risk Matrix Table showing the likelihood and potential impact of events or situations in order to ascertain the risk. Risk Treatment Process of determining those risks that should be controlled and those that will be tolerated at their currently assessed levels. Safety Advisory Group (SAG) Multi-agency group set up to provide advice on safety matters for a specific event, or events, such as a major sporting event or a concert held in a stadium. Silver The tactical tier of command and control within a single agency at which the response to an emergency is managed.

28. Glossary (S)a short guide to risk related terms Strategic The level (above tactical level and operational level) at which policy, strategy and the overall response framework are established and managed. Strategic Co-ordinating Group (SCG) Multi-agency body responsible for coordinating the joint response to an emergency at the local strategic level. Survivor Reception Centre Assistance centre in which survivors not requiring acute hospital treatment can be taken for short-term shelter and first aid.

29. Glossary (T)a short guide to risk related terms Tactical Level (below strategic level and above operational level) at which the response to an emergency is managed. Threat Intent and capacity to cause loss of life or create adverse consequences to human welfare (including property and the supply of essential services and commodities), the environment or security. Threat Assessment A component of the civil protection risk assessment process in which identified threats are assessed for risk treatment.

30. Glossary (U – W)a short guide to risk related terms Utilities Companies providing essential services such as, water, energy, telecommunications and transport. Voluntary Sector Bodies, other than public authorities or Local Authorities, that carry out activities otherwise than for profit. Vulnerability Susceptibility of individuals or community, services or infrastructure to damage or harm arising from an emergency or other incident. Warning and Informing the Public Arrangements to make the public aware of risks and for responders to warn, inform and advise the public when an emergency is likely to occur or has occurred and to provide them with information and advice subsequently.

31. Abbreviations (A – D) relating to risk and emergencies ABI -Association of British Insurers ACPO - Association of Chief Police Officers ASA - Ambulance Service Association ATOC - Association of Train Operating Companies BCI - Business Continuity Institute BTP - British Transport Police CBRNe - Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and explosive CCS - Civil Contingencies Secretariat CFOA - Chief Fire Officers Association CMG - Crisis Management Group DCMS - Department for Culture, Media and Sport Defra - Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs DfES - Department for Education and Skills DfID - Department for International Development

32. Abbreviations (D – L)relating to risk and emergencies • DfT - Department for Transport • DH - Department of Health • DPH - Director of Public Health • DTI - Department of Trade and Industry • EA - Environment Agency • EHO - Environmental Health Officer • F&RS - Fire and Rescue Service • GNN - Government News Network • HA - Health Authority • HMIC - Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary • HMT - Her Majesty’s Treasury • HO - Home Office • HPA - Health Protection Agency • HSC - Health and Safety Commission • HSE - Health and Safety Executive • IRC - International Rescue Corps • LA - Local Authority

33. Abbreviations (M – R)relating to risk and emergencies • MACA - Military Aid to the Civil Authorities • MCA - Maritime and Coastguard Agency • MOD - Ministry of Defence • MoU - Memorandum of Understanding • MPS - Metropolitan Police Service • MRCC - Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre • MRSC - Maritime Rescue Sub-Centre • NCIS - National Criminal Intelligence Service • NDPB - Non-Departmental Public Body • NGO - Non-Governmental Organisation • OFCOM - Office of Communications • OFGEM - Office of Gas and Electricity Markets • OFWAT - Office of Water Services • PHA - Port Health Authority • RAYNET - Radio Amateurs’ Emergency Network • RDPH - Regional Director of Public Health • RWG - Risk Working Group

34. Abbreviations (R - W)relating to risk and emergencies • RNLI - Royal National Lifeboat Institution • RSPCA - Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals • SAR - Search and Rescue • SHA - Strategic Health Authority • SOLACE - Society of Local Authority Chief Executives • SoS - Secretary of State • SOSREP - Secretary of States Representative • VAS - Voluntary Aid Societies • WRVS - Women’s Royal Voluntary Service

35. The Norfolk Resilience Forum (NRF) was established to ensure sound structures are in place to support a local response to emergencies and disruptive challenges. The membership of the NRF involves organisations identified as Category 1 and 2 Responders plus the involvement of supporting agencies. All organisations represented within the NRF make valuable contributions to the wider community resilience planning activity in Norfolk. Kevin Wilkins Assistant Chief Constable Chair Norfolk Resilience Forum (Executive Group)