DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING

1. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA Group 28 KarelCastex, Julio Lara, David Wade, Jing Zou

2. Motivations and Goals • Common interest in power electronics and power systems • Renewable energy • Unstable and uncontrollable • To design a controller that can optimize the overall performance of an integrated wind and solar power system.

3. Objectives • Small scaled • Self-sustained • Efficient • User friendly

4. Requirements • Able to produce steady output power • Able to charging the batteries with variations • Consume as little power as possible • Safe both for users and electronic devices

5. Specifications

6. Specifications

7. Specifications

8. Overall Block Diagram

9. Switching Algorithm

10. Wind Generator: Alternatives

11. Wind Generator P-300W Hyacinth

12. Wind Generator: Three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier Diode 50A 1000V

13. Wind Generator Battery Charging System: Main Components • LTC3789 - High Efficiency, Synchronous, 4-Switch Buck-Boost • Controller • LTC4000 - High Voltage High Current Controller for Battery Charging • and Power Management

14. Wind Generator Battery Charging System: Main Components • LTC3789  High Efficiency, Synchronous, 4-Switch Buck-Boost Controller details: • Single Inductor Architecture Allows VIN Above, Below or Equal to the Regulated VOUT • Programmable Input or Output Current • Wide VIN Range: 4V to 38V • 1% Output Voltage Accuracy: 0.8V < VOUT < 38V • Synchronous Rectification: Up to 98% Efficiency • Current Mode Control • Phase-Lockable Fixed Frequency: 200kHz to 600kHz • No Reverse Current During Start-Up • VOUT Disconnected from VIN During Shutdown • True Soft-Start and VOUT Short Protection, Even in Boost Mode

16. Buck-Boost Controller: 4V Input Output: 11.3V @ 1.8A fsw = 400kHz

17. Buck-Boost Controller: 15V Input Output: 12V @ 2A fsw = 400kHz

18. Wind Generator Battery Charging System: Main Components • LTC4000 Charging Controller & Power Manager details: • Complete High Performance Battery Charger When Paired with a DC/DC Converter • Wide Input and Output Voltage Range: 3V to 60V • Input Ideal Diode for Low Loss Reverse Blocking and Load Sharing • Output Ideal Diode for Low Loss PowerPath™ and Load Sharing with the Battery • Instant-On Operation with Heavily Discharged Battery • Programmable Input and Charge Current: ±1% Accuracy • ±0.25% Accurate Programmable Float Voltage

21. Battery Charging System: 12V Input Output: 13.4V

22. Battery Charging IC Component

24. Photovoltaic Panels Types • Mono-Crystalline Silicon • Polycrystalline Silicon • Thin Film and Amorphous Silicon

26. Polycrystalline Silicon

27. SunWize SW-85P

28. Mounting Angles for Central Florida

29. Mounting Bracket

30. Solar Charger with MPPT

31. SunSaver MPPT Solar Charger

32. Switching Algorithm

33. Switching Circuit

34. Single P-Channel Power MOSFETS • Texas Instruments CSD25211W1015 Power Management

35. 2N7000 N-channel MOSFET • 60V • 0.2A • 5 Ohm 1 inch

36. Controller Box • IRPS concept for encapsulation of making decision main components • Grouping linked actions to easily explain most IRPS functionality • Controller box is important part of IRPS circuitry but not entire PCB design • Encompass microcontroller, voltage sensors, current sensor, temperature sensor, LCD,USB interface

37. Microcontroller • Low Clock Frequency • Several Analog Inputs • PWM Output Pins • Serial UART Pins • Programming Debugging Feature • Programming Memory ≥ 16Kb • High Level Programming Language (Similar to C) • Convenient Software, Libraries, IDE • Desirable Good Community Support

38. Microcontroller

39. Microcontroller

40. Voltage Sensor • Connected to one Microcontroller ADC port • It measures Wind Turbine, Solar panel, Both batteries output voltage • Voltage Divider with a voltage follower and low pass filter • Sensors scale down input voltage to 3.3 V which is the 100% microcontroller ADC reference • 5.1V Zener Diode place in parallel to Microcontroller to control spikes • Microcontroller receives data through internal ADC port and process it

41. Temperature Sensor

42. Current Sensor

43. Current Sensor

44. Switching Algorithm

45. LCD 105 mm • Serial Enabled 20x4 LCD - Black on Green 5V • Faster boot-up time • User definable splash screen • Embedded PIC 16F88 utilizes onboard UART for greater communication accuracy • VDD connect to 5V, GND to ground, RX and TX pins to microcontroller AT91SAM7X512 UART port chosen • LCD is mean to display IRPS important reading such as: Solar Panel Voltage, Wind Turbine Voltage, Current Mode of Operation, Both Batteries percent of charge, Current System Output. • Any alert or system running exception 59.9 mm

46. FunctionalityDiagram • Blue (boxes, arrows) mean logical stages and system direction flow • Light red accent boxes describe physical components (interact with some stages) • Red(boxes, arrows) denote critical system errors status • Green (boxes, arrows) define successful checking of some components

47. Battery Bank

48. Battery Bank • Deep-cycle lead-acid battery • Periodically charge and discharge • Large capacity • High cycle count • Absorbed glass mat (AGM) • Eliminate the potential of acid leaking • Durable • Easy to transport (lower shipping cost) • Practically resist damage from freezing • Negligible water loss

49. Battery Bank • Universal Power Group (UPG) UB12180 D5745 Sealed AGM-type Lead-Acid Battery • Nominal voltage: 12 volts • Capacity at a 20 hour charge rate: 18Ah • Internal resistance:18 mille-ohms • Should be charged under constant voltage. 7.15 in 6.60 in 3.06 in

50. Dump and Diversion Loads • Deal with the excess power • Able to dissipate the maximum power of the wind turbine and solar panels used • Vbattery = 14 volts Iwind = 32 amperes Isolar= 6 amperes • Power = Voltage x Current • Pwind= 448 watts • Psolar= 85 watts