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TRAUMA

TRAUMA. Turhan Özler M.D Assistant Professor. Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Trauma. A serious bodily injury or shock, as from violence or an accident. Trauma. Treatment starts from the time of injury First aid Transfer.

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TRAUMA

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  1. TRAUMA Turhan Özler M.D AssistantProfessor Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

  2. Trauma • A serious bodily injury or shock, as from violence or an accident

  3. Trauma • Treatment starts from the time of injury • First aid • Transfer

  4. First Aid • First aid - the care given before emergency medical help arrives – • It can literally mean the difference between life and death.

  5. First aid • A: Airway, Clear the airway • B:Breathing, Breathe for the person • C:Circulation, Restore blood circulation • D:Disability/Deficit, Look for neurologic impairment and cause • E:Exposure, Take off unnecessary clothes for wounds

  6. First aid • Before all, • Is the person conscious or unconscious? • If the person appears unconscious, tap or shake his or her shoulder and ask loudly, "Are you OK?" • If the person doesn't respond, call 112

  7. First aid • You have to give position to the patient • Realese tie ,scarf or neclace

  8. First aid • Clear the airway • Check for spontaneus breathing

  9. First aid • Open airway tract • Do not extend neck in a trauma patient unless a cervical fracture could be

  10. First aid • Check pulse from caroid artery

  11. First aid • If there is neither breathing nor hearth beating is observed, start CPR by mouth-to-mouth/mouth-to-nose rescue brathing

  12. First aid • Place the heel of one hand over the 2-3 cm above the end of sternum • Place your other hand on top of the first hand. Keep your elbows straight and position your shoulders directly above your hands.

  13. First aid • Use your upper body weight (not just your arms) as you push straight down on (compress) the chest 1 1/2 to 2 inches • Give two compressions per second, or about 100 compressions per minute.

  14. First aid • Use your upper body weight (not just your arms) as you push straight down on (compress) the chest 1 1/2 to 2 inches • Give two compressions per second, or about 100 compressions per minute.

  15. First aid • If there is another person, let her/him to help you • CPR can be so long and tiring

  16. First aid • Numbers • Rescue breathing alone: 12-20/per minute • Compression alone 100-120/per minute • CPR alone: 1 rescue breath 15 compression/2 rescue breath 30 compression • CPR with helper: 2 rescue breathing 15 compression

  17. First aid • When we will stop CPR • Never unless • You obtain spontaneus breathing and circulation • Ambulance arrived • Get really exhausted TIME DOES NOT MATTER

  18. First Aid for Fracture • What will you do when you see this

  19. First Aid for Fracture • In a trauma scene first look for “ABCDE” • If all is OK check for orthopaedic injuries • Spinal, thoracal, pelvic and extremity fractures row for importance • If there is a break in the skin surface, it can be rinsed to remove any visible dirt or other potential contamination. However, vigorous flushing or scrubbing of the wound should be avoided.

  20. First Aid for Fracture • The broken bones immobilised with either a splint or string. Rolls of newspaper or strips of wood can be used. It is impotant to immobilize the area both above and below the injured bone.

  21. First Aid for Amputation • Put a tourniquet proximal to the wound • Clean the wound if needed with saline or water • İf bleeding continues, put pressure on the beelding part with gause or clean cloth continuesly

  22. First Aid for Amputation • Never live the amputate behind, it can be replanted • Never put the amputate in ice alone. Put it in wet gauses and wrap it in a waterproof bag and put that bag into ice bag • Time is important

  23. Orthopedic Trauma • What is fracture • A break, rupture or crack in bone or cartilage

  24. How to describe a fracture • Location • Name of the bone • Position with in the bone • Proximal • Mid • Distal

  25. How to describe a fracture • Open / Closed • Complete / Incomplete • Simple / Comminuted • Description of Change In Anatomical Position

  26. How to describe a fracture • OPEN/CLOSED • Closed • No break in the skin • Open (Compound) • Part of the bone protrudes through the skin

  27. How to describe a fracture • COMPLETE/INCOMPLETE • Complete • All cortical surfaces disrupted • Incomplete

  28. How to describe a fracture • COMPLETE/INCOMPLETE • Complete • Incomplete • Greenstick • break of one cortical margin only due to tension • Buckle • Plastic bowing fracture

  29. How to describe a fracture • COMPLETE/INCOMPLETE • Complete • Incomplete • Greenstick • Buckle • buckling of cortex due to compression • Plastic bowing fracture Cortical Buckle

  30. How to describe a fracture • COMPLETE/INCOMPLETE • Complete • Incomplete • Greenstick • Buckle • Plastic bowing fracture • microfractures but no gross visible fracture line Plastic Bowing

  31. How to describe a fracture • SIMPLE / COMMINUTED • Simple • Single fracture line resulting in two bone fragments • Comminuted

  32. How to describe a fracture • SIMPLE / COMMINUTED • Simple • Comminuted • More than two fracture fragments

  33. How to describe a fracture • SIMPLE / COMMINUTED • Simple • Comminuted • More than two fracture fragments

  34. How to describe a fracture • DIRECTION • Transverse • Spiral

  35. How to describe a fracture • DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE IN ANATOMICAL POSITION • Length • Distraction • Shortening • over-riding • impacted • Displacement • Undisplaced • Varus,valgus.anterior,posterior • Angulation • Rotation

  36. How to describe a fracture • DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE IN ANATOMICAL POSITION • Length • Distraction • Shortening • over-riding • impacted • Displacement • Undisplaced • Varus,valgus.anterior,posterior • Angulation • Rotation Distracted patella

  37. How to describe a fracture • DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE IN ANATOMICAL POSITION • Length • Distraction • Shortening • over-riding • impacted • Displacement • Undisplaced • Varus,valgus.anterior,posterior • Angulation • Rotation

  38. How to describe a fracture • DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE IN ANATOMICAL POSITION • Length • Distraction • Shortening • over-riding • impacted • Displacement • Undisplaced • Varus,valgus.anterior,posterior • Angulation • Rotation

  39. How to describe a fracture • DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE IN ANATOMICAL POSITION • Length • Distraction • Shortening • over-riding • impacted • Displacement • Undisplaced • Varus,valgus.anterior,posterior • Describe direction of movement of the distal part of the bone • Angulation • Rotation

  40. Traffic Accident

  41. Traffic Accident

  42. Traffic Accident

  43. THANK YOU

  44. Thank You

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