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The Theories of Aging

Case study. Mrs. K, 78 years old , who lived alone and independently. Diagnosed with arthritis and osteoporosis, she fell and broke her hip. Following surgery, rehabilitation was only partially successful hen she was discharged due to lack of insurance and sent home.After second fall , she entere

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The Theories of Aging

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    1. The Theories of Aging

    2. Case study Mrs. K, 78 years old , who lived alone and independently. Diagnosed with arthritis and osteoporosis, she fell and broke her hip. Following surgery, rehabilitation was only partially successful hen she was discharged due to lack of insurance and sent home. After second fall , she entered a nursing home and become depressed. Antidepressant drug made her dizzy. She fell again, breaking her other hip. She was unable to participate in rehabilitation due to confusion and medical complications, and she become bedridden.

    3. The basis of geriatric rehabilitation is to assist the disabled aged in recovering lost physical, psychological, or social skills so that they may become more independent, live in personally satisfying environments, and maintain meaningful social interactions.

    4. Variation in life span is far greater among species than within species

    5. There are more than 300 theories to explain the aging phenomenon.

    6. Neuroendocrine and Hormonal theory Dr/ Donner Denckla Endocrine Changes Hormonal Decline Physiological Manifestation Hypothyroidism = Aging Depressed immune system Wrinkling in skin Slow metabolic rate Fatal without thyroxin

    7. Neuroendocrine and Hormonal theory Dr/ Donner Denckla Decrease growth hormone Decrease estrogen and progestron Decrease functional capacity

    8. Immunological Theory Walford Categorized as a developmental-genetic theory Decline in the functional capacity of immune system due to genes In form of T-cell functional decline Lead to a reduced resistance to infectious diseases

    9. Free Radical theory Harman The most popular one Categorized as a developmental-genetic theory Free radicals are highly charged ions whose outer orbits contain an unpaired electron Damage cell membranes, lysosomes, mitochondria, and nuclear membranes by lipid preoxidation

    10. Free Radical theory Harman Cross-linking of biomolecules result from free radical chain reactions Decline in cellular integrity, enzyme activities, error prone nucleic acid metabolism, damaged membrane functions and accumulation of aging pigment Superoxide dismutase enzyme

    11. Free Radical theory Harman Damage accumulates in Important biological structures This accumulation of damage lead to functional impact and death Age pigment (lipofuscin) located also in nerves cut off oxygen and nutrient to surrounding area lead to further degeneration and death

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