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Response of Electricity Sector to GHG Emission in Hong Kong

Response of Electricity Sector to GHG Emission in Hong Kong. By Larry Chuen-ho Chow Professor, Department of Geography Director, Hong Kong Energy Studies Centre Hong Kong Baptist University. 1. Hong Kong 2009 population 7.004 million per capita GDP U.S. $29,401

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Response of Electricity Sector to GHG Emission in Hong Kong

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  1. Response of Electricity Sectorto GHG Emission in Hong Kong By Larry Chuen-ho Chow Professor, Department of Geography Director, Hong Kong Energy Studies Centre Hong Kong Baptist University

  2. 1.Hong Kong 2009 population 7.004 million per capita GDP U.S. $29,401 -- Hong Kong does not produce any energy -- 2009 Total Primary Energy Requirements (PER): 577,073 TJ (19.690 million tce)

  3. 2. Dominant Role of Electricity in HK Energy Economy --2009 amount of coal, natural gas and oil products used for power generation: 389,030 Tj --Total amount of coal, natural gas and oil products consumed in HK: 548,780 Tj Share of power generation: 70.9% Fuel Mix of Final Energy Requirements (%)

  4. 3. Sectoral Consumption of Electricity (%)

  5. 4.Six Major Types of GHG 1. CO2 most important 2. CH4 3. NOX 4.-6. Synthetic Gases like HFC

  6. 5.GHG Emissions by Sector, 2008

  7. 6. Reduction in GHG Emissions, 2005-2020

  8. 7. Fuel Mix for Power Generation (%)

  9. 8. • Two power companies in Hong Kong CLP Hong Kong Electric • Governed by a scheme of control for 10 years up to 2018 -- permitted return based on 9.99% of net fixed assets -- 11.0% for investments in renewable energy

  10. 9. Current Prices of Electricity (cents/kwh)

  11. 10. Use of Nuclear Power in World • 2010 (Jan) 436 reactors in 30 states -- Total installed capacity: 372 000MW -- Provided 15% of world electricity • 3/4 electricity nuclear: France 1/2 electricity nuclear: Belgium, Sweden 1/3 electricity nuclear: Finland, Germany, S. Korea, Switzerland 1/4 electricity nuclear: Japan 1/5 electricity nuclear: Russia, Spain, USA

  12. 10. Use of Nuclear Power in World (cont’) • 53 reactors under construction ≈14% present installed capacity 141 reactors in planning stage ≈ 41% present installed capacity

  13. 11. Use of Nuclear Power in HK Daya Bay Plant • 2 reactors plus Conghua pumped storage plant -- total capacity 1968 MW -- started in 1994 -- produced 14 billion kwh per year, 70% supplied to HK

  14. 12. Nuclear: No Air Pollution & GHG • Use of nuclear from Daya Bayreduced emission of i) 7.5 million tons of CO2 ii) tens of thousand tons of SOx & NOx iii) hundreds of tons of particulates

  15. 13.Past GHG Emissions and Carbon Intensity, 1990-2008

  16. 14. Resurgence in Use of Nuclear Since 1990s • Concern about Global Warming • USA: New Plants began to be ordered since Three-Mile-Island Accident • U.K.: Building new plants • Germany: Decided to extend life of existing ones

  17. 15. Safety of Nuclear Power • Apart from Windscale, Three-mile-Island, Chernobyl & Fukushima, no serious accidents • Exceptionally stringent operational procedures & well trained staff • Each important control has a back-up system • Strong concrete structure Pressure vessel in stainless steel

  18. 16. Costs of Nuclear Power • Affected by many factors i) safety coefficient needed ii) interest costs iii) insurance costs iv) waste disposal costs v) decommissioning costs vi) price of uranium

  19. END

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