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Understanding Medical Terminology: Key Concepts and Definitions

This guide explores essential medical terminology, focusing on prefixes, suffixes, and root words commonly seen in health professions. Each term relates to various fields such as cardiology, neurology, and pathology. For instance, "cardiac" pertains to the heart, while "neural" relates to nerves. We also delve into conditions like "dysphagic" (difficulty swallowing) and terms indicating bodily functions or procedures, such as "ectomy" (cutting out) and "emesis" (vomiting). This resource is invaluable for medical students and professionals alike.

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Understanding Medical Terminology: Key Concepts and Definitions

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Presentation Transcript

  1. -Ac, -al, -ic, -ous, -tic : pertaining to, relating to • Cardiac • Neural (nerves) • Dysphagic • Olfactory • Mucous

  2. -Algia : • Neuralgia

  3. -Ate : having, resembling, acting upon • Caudate: having a tail

  4. -Ase: enzyme • Lipase

  5. -Cele : protrusion/herniaEncephalocele

  6. Centesis : surgical puncture to remove fluid

  7. Cle, cule, ole, ola, ule, ulum,ulus : smallTubercle: small bumpFollicle: sac/pouch like depression

  8. Cyte : cell

  9. Ectomy : cutting outFemoral Head Ostectomy

  10. Emesis : vomitHematemesis

  11. Emia : blood condition

  12. Ent, er, ist, or : person or agent

  13. Esis, ia, iasis, ism, ity, osis, sis, tion, y : state or condition

  14. Form, oid : resembling, shaped like Piriform: pear shaped Filiform: thread like

  15. Genesis : development, origin Pathogenesis: disease production

  16. Gram, graphy : recording, written record; instrument that records

  17. Graph : instrument that records

  18. Ible, ile : capable, able; flexible

  19. Itis : inflammation

  20. Ize : use or subject to (makes a noun or adjective into a verb) Anesthetized

  21. Logy : science, study of: biology

  22. Oma : tumor

  23. Penia : deficiency of, lack of: leukopenia

  24. Pexy, pexis : fixation: gastropexy

  25. Phage, phagy : eating Macrophage

  26. Phobia : abnormal fear or intolerance

  27. Plasia, plastic, plasty : forming (reconstruction), growing, changing Otoplasty

  28. Pnea : breathing

  29. Rrhaphy : suturing in place

  30. Rrhea : flow or discharge

  31. Rrhexis : rupture

  32. Scope : instrument for examining

  33. Scopy : act of examining

  34. Stomy : surgical opening

  35. Tome : instrument for cutting

  36. Tomy : cutting, incision

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