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THE SEALED LIQUIDS

THE SEALED LIQUIDS. Specific Gravity. Is a dimensionless number It is the ratio of a fluid’s density to that of Water Water has a specific gravity of 1 A fluid with a specific gravity of 0.5 weighs 1/2 as much as the same volume of Water. Specific Heat.

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THE SEALED LIQUIDS

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  1. THE SEALED LIQUIDS

  2. Specific Gravity • Is a dimensionless number • It is the ratio of a fluid’s density to that of Water • Water has a specific gravity of 1 • A fluid with a specific gravity of 0.5 weighs 1/2 as much as the same volume of Water

  3. Specific Heat • The Amount of Heat, in number of Calories, that is required to raise the Temperature of one gram of a Liquid one degree Celsius • Specific Heat is also expressed as the number of British Thermal Units (BTU’s) necessary to raise the Temperature of one pound of a Liquid one degree Fahrenheit

  4. Specific Heat • The Specific Heat of WATER is one Calorie per degree Celsius • One Calorie of heat must be supplied to a gram of WATER to raise the Temperature one degree Celsius • The Specific Heat of WATER is one BTU per degree Fahrenheit • One BTU of Heat must be supplied to a Pound of WATER to raise the Temperature one degree Fahrenheit

  5. Vapor Pressure • Is also known as the Boiling Point • Is the Pressure Below which a liquid at a given temperature will become a gas • Is the Pressure Above which a gas will become a liquid

  6. Vapor Pressure What is the Vapor Pressure of WATER at Sea Level ? What is the Coldest Temperature at which you can Boil WATER?

  7. Viscosity • VISCOSITY: Property of a FLUID that tends to prevent it from Flowing when subjected to an Applied Force. • High-ViscosityFluids Resist Flow; Low-ViscosityFluids Flow Easily. • The Tenacity with which a Moving Layer of Fluid drags adjacent Layers of Fluid along with it Determines its Viscosity!

  8. Viscosity VISCOSITY EQUALS LUBRICITY WHEN DISCUSSING MECHANICAL SEALS

  9. LIQUIDS CHANGING STATE • FREEZE • SLUSH • VAPORIZING / COLLAPSING • POLYMERIZING • SHEAR SENSITIVE • THIXOTROPIC FLUIDS • EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS • COKING / REACTING W ATMOSPHERE

  10. HOMOGENEOUSLIQUIDS • 1. HAVING UNIFORM COMPOSITION: A Liquid having a Uniform Composition.

  11. LIQUID MIXTURES • 1. BLEND OF INGREDIENTS: A Liquid Substance containing several ingredients combined or blended together. • 2. CHEMISTRY: Liquid Substance formed without Chemical Reaction: a substance consisting of two or more substances that have been combined without chemical bonding taking place

  12. LIQUID COMPOUNDS • 1. CHEMISTRY: A Liquid Substance Formed by the Combination of Two or More different Liquids + Substances

  13. LIQUIDS WITH DISSOLVED SOLIDS • 1. CHEMISTRY: A Liquid Substance with One or More Solids Dissolved in it.

  14. LIQUIDS WITHUN-DISSOLVED SOLIDS • 1. CHEMISTRY: A Liquid Substance with One or More UN-Dissolved Solids or Particles in it.

  15. LIQUIDS WITHDISSOLVED GASSES • 1. CHEMISTRY: A Liquid Substance with One or More Dissolved Gasses in it. • A Liquids Ability to Absorb a Gas is Inversely Related to Temperature

  16. SOLIDS / PARTICLES IN LIQUIDS GENERALLY Specific Gravity of Particles Specific Gravity of Liquid • A Number >1 = Particles will Displace Liquid Toward the Rotating Shaft • Stated Differently Particle is Centrifuged Away from the Shaft

  17. SOLIDS / PARTICLES IN LIQUIDS GENERALLY Specific Gravity of Particles Specific Gravity of Liquid • A Number <1 = Liquid will Displace Particles Toward the Rotating Shaft • Stated Differently Liquid is Centrifuged Away from the Shaft

  18. SOLIDS, PARTICLES, & FLAKES IN LIQUIDS • The Behavior of a Solid, Particle, or Flake Inside a Pump Stuffing Box is Highly Dependent on its Shape. • The Solid’s Shape and Fluid Turbulence Pattern Inside the Stuffing Box will determine its behavior

  19. Seal Cavity Flow Components • Axial flow Driven by rotating radial surfaces like the back of the seal • Rotational (Angular Flow) Developed by shaft rotation.

  20. Rotational Flow • Abrasives Driven out to the bore • Air Driven in to surround the shaft

  21. ENDTHE SEALED LIQUIDS

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