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CBE 417 “Unit Operations”

CBE 417 “Unit Operations”. Lecture: 3. 7 Sep 2012. Overview. Introduction UO course overview Equilibrium Stage separations What are “Unit Operations”. Brief thermodynamics review Binary flash with energy balance Multicomponent flash. Vapor Liquid Equilibrium (VLE).

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CBE 417 “Unit Operations”

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  1. CBE 417 “Unit Operations” Lecture: 3 7 Sep 2012

  2. Overview • Introduction • UO course overview • Equilibrium Stage separations • What are “Unit Operations” • Brief thermodynamics review • Binary flash with energy balance • Multicomponent flash

  3. Vapor Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) • Typical simplifications: • Ideal vapor phase • Ideal liquid phase

  4. Phase Equilibrium (Alternate Form VLE) Historically, when estimates were done by hand: • Seader & Henley (2006)

  5. Phase Equilibrium (Recommendations)

  6. Phase Equilibrium (Alternate Form VLE) Historically, when estimates were done by hand: Sometimes the K values are nearly composition independent “hand” techniques of design/solution have used DePriester Charts (hydrocarbons):

  7. DePriester Chart P = 2 bar T = 100 oC Isobutane others….

  8. DePriester(equation fit)

  9. Other Equilibrium Diagrams: P = 1.013 bar T = various oC Benzene - Toluene

  10. Other Equilibrium Diagrams:

  11. Effect of Pressure:

  12. Effect of Pressure: • Seader & Henley (2006)

  13. Other Equilibrium Diagrams:

  14. Overview • Brief thermodynamics review • Binary Flash with energy balance • Sequential solution • Simultaneous solution • Multicomponent Flash

  15. Binary Flash Overall mole balance mole balance on a mole balance on b equilibrium eqn for a mole balance on a

  16. Binary Flash Flash separation: Specify: Find: a = n-pentane b = n-hexane

  17. Binary Flash Overall mole balance mole balance on a mole balance on b equilibrium eqn for a mole balance on a

  18. Binary Flash Flash separation: Specify: Find: a = n-pentane b = n-hexane

  19. Binary Flash Graphical Solution: mole balance on a solve for ya “Operating Line”

  20. Binary Flash Graphical: Equilibrium curve y = x Solution! What if f is unknown, but T is known? Za Limits: f = 0 f = 1

  21. Binary Flash Energy Balance EB on CV:

  22. Other Equilibrium Diagrams:

  23. Alternative Thermodynamics Older (hand methods): Raoult’s law Relative Volatility (VLE): Aside (couple with MB)

  24. Separation Factor or Relative Volatility

  25. Effect of Pressure: • Seader & Henley (2006)

  26. Constant Relative Volatility?

  27. Alternative Thermodynamics Ki with multicomponent flash: Into MB: Sequential solution: suggestions p 35-37 (Rachford-Rice Eqn) Simultaneous solution technique: suggestions p 40-43

  28. Sizing Flash Drums

  29. Simulators Flash input: Sensitivity Analysis: Design Spec:

  30. Questions?

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