1. Sectional Issues Sasso

2. The Industrial Revolution • America’s Industrial Revolution will take hold in New England • Will change ways of life in ways that can’t be measured • 3 basic changes • From simple tools to complex machines • From natural power to artificial sources • From regional to nationwide distribution of goods

3. The Industrial Revolution • Textile production had been a British monopoly • Laws forbade the export of machinery and emigration of skilled workers • The arrival of Samuel Slater in 1789 will change that • Slater had been a worker in a British factory • Blessed with a strong memory, he will redesign many of the machines that he worked with in England • Sets up his first mill in Rhode Island

4. Why New England? • Several reasons why the Industrial Revolution would come to New England • Powerful streams and rivers • Capital (as in money) • Huge labor force • Shipping ability

5. The Industrial Revolution • Both transportation and communication will become faster • Jobs become more specialized • New mechanical methods of spinning and weaving will develop • Eli Whitney and the cotton gin • Cotton cloth will become the cheapest form of textile

6. The regions • At this point in time, you have three basic sections of the United States • North (by today’s standards it would be the Northeast) • South (today’s Southeast) • West (everything else)

7. 1820’s issues • As we move into the 1820’s, there are a number of issues that effect the nation’s different sections • Each of the following issues can be very divisive; politicians will need to find compromise • If they can’t find compromise, they tend to ignore the problem • Clearly this is a bad idea

8. Public land policy • The US govt. definitely wants to settle the western territories, but they need to figure out the best way to do it • Low or high price? • Quick or slow settlement? • Squatter’s rights? • Where people are from will dictate their answers to these questions

9. Public land policy • North- you want high prices with slow settlement, no squatter’s rights • South- you want low prices with quick settlement, and no squatter’s rights • West- you want low prices with quick settlement, and squatter’s rights

10. Protective tariffs • High or low? • North- you want them high; can only help out your industrial growth • South- you want them low; you don’t have industry • West- you want them high; you are farming now, but internal improvements will change your economic system • Might be some shady deals going on with the North and the West

11. Internal improvements • The biggest question: Who pays for them, state or federal govts.? • North- federal; this will lead to more taxes • South- states; why should all the states have to pay for things that may not benefit them individually • West- federal; they don’t have that many states yet…

12. Slavery • Should it be extended to new territories? • Should it be closed off according to the NW Ordinance? • North- No, it should not be extended • South- Yes, it should be extended • West- ?- kind of depends on where you are • This is the most volatile of the issues, and brings up the biggest conflicts

13. Slavery • Issue gets thrust to the forefront of politics in 1819 • Missouri territory applies for admission to the Union, specifically as a slave state • This had never been done before, and will cause a number of problems in Congress • Tallmadge Amendment- James Tallmadge (NY)- children born to slaves will be free • Gets shot down

14. Slavery • At the same time MO applies for admission, Maine will decide that they want to officially separate from MA • Maine will apply as a free state • Henry Clay will develop the Missouri Compromise • MO- slave state • ME- Free state • 36’30’’ will be the dividing line- anything above will be free, below will be slave

15. Missouri Compromise