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CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

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CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE. Arteriosclerotic H eart D isease. Canadian statistics of CAD. Every 7 minutes in Canada, someone dies from heart disease or stroke Heart disease and stroke are two of the three leading causes of death in Canada ( 2008 data )

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  1. CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE Arteriosclerotic Heart Disease

  2. Canadian statistics of CAD • Every 7 minutes in Canada, someone dies from heart disease or stroke • Heart disease and stroke are two of the three leading causes of death in Canada ( 2008 data ) • 54% were due to ischemic heart disease • Heart disease and stroke costs the Canadian economy more than $20.9 billion

  3. Definition Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart.

  4. Cause: • Fatty material and other substances form a plaque build-up on the walls of your coronary arteries. The coronary arteries bring blood and oxygen to your heart. • This buildup causes the arteries to get narrow. • As a result, blood flow to the heart can slow down or stop.

  5. Atherosclerotic Plaque • Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Over time, plaque hardens and narrows your arteries. This limits the flow of oxygen-rich blood to your organs and other parts of your body.

  6. The risk factors for heart disease • Age • Gender • Genetic • Race • Hypercholesterolemia • Smoking • Lack of exercise • Overweight • High Blood Pressure • Diabetes Mellitus • Chronic Kidney Disease • stroke • Substance abuse (cocaine) • Stress, depression

  7. Signs and Symptoms • Chest pain (angina) • Atypical chest pain • Shortness of breath • Heart attack

  8. Myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction is the technical name for a heart attack. A heart attack occurs when an artery leading to the heart becomes completely blocked and the heart does not get enough blood or oxygen, causing cells in that area of the heart to die (called an infarct).

  9. Signs and Symptoms: • Squeezing pain, heaviness, tightness, pressure in center of chest • Pain that spreads to your back, left arm, jaw, neck • Shortness of breath • Dizziness, weakness • Nausea, vomiting • Irregular heartbeat • Sweating • Feeling of doom

  10. Diet: • Current American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines • High vegetables and fruits • whole-grain, high-fiber foods like legumes (beans), whole wheat, oats/oatmeal, rye, barley, brown rice • Fish, especially oily fish • Low saturated fat diet • Little or no salt • Low beverages and foods that contain added sugars • Low alcohol to no more than 2 drinks per day for men and 1 drink per day for women.

  11. Heart Disease Prevention • Aspirin • Beta blockers • Cholesterol • Diet • Exercise • Fatty fish with omega 3 • Glucose (sugar) control • High blood pressure control • Inflammation

  12. Refrences: • http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/007115.htm#ixzz2Dg1VJdei Mosca L, Benjamin EJ, Berra K, Bezanson JL, Dolor RJ, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al. Effectiveness-Based Guidelines for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women--2011 Update: a guideline from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2011;123(11);1243-1262. • source: http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/007115.htm#ixzz2Dg1VJdei Mosca L, Benjamin EJ, Berra K, Bezanson JL, Dolor RJ, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al. Effectiveness-Based Guidelines for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women--2011 Update: a guideline from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2011;123(11);1243-1262. • Gaziano JM, Ridker PM, Libby P. Primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. In: Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2011: chap 49. • Greenland P, Alpert JS, Beller GA, Benjamin EJ, Budoff MJ, Fayad ZA, et al. 2010 ACCF/AHA guideline for assessment of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2010;122(25)e584-e636. • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:396-404.http://www.umm.edu/media/video/mht_heart_disease_prevention_miller_2.htm#ixzz2DgBIayLk ww.umm.edu/media/video/mht_heart_disease_prevention_miller_2.htm http://www.umm.edu/heart/coronary_heart_disease/symptoms.htm#ixzz2DgGSO95B • http://www.heartandstroke.on.ca/site/c.pvI3IeNWJwE/b.3581729/k.359A/Statistics.htm