1 / 16

ccTLD Promotion: what works, what doesn’t

ccTLD Promotion: what works, what doesn’t. .IR ccTLD Case Study Siavash Shahshahani APTLD Meeting Dubai, 4 June 2007. Brief History of .IR ccTLD (1). Established: 6 April 1994 Hierarchical system with 4 sub-domains Opened direct registration under .ir, albeit with restrictions, 2000.

talia
Télécharger la présentation

ccTLD Promotion: what works, what doesn’t

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ccTLD Promotion:what works, what doesn’t .IR ccTLD Case Study Siavash Shahshahani APTLD Meeting Dubai, 4 June 2007

  2. Brief History of .IR ccTLD (1) • Established: 6 April 1994 Hierarchical system with 4 sub-domains • Opened direct registration under .ir, albeit with restrictions, 2000. • Reorganization: September 2001 (# domains: 670) • New liberalized rules and DRP: 22 December 2003, (# domains: 3200) • Resellers licensed: July 2004 (# domains: 8500)

  3. Brief History of .IR ccTLD (2) • 31 December 2004: # domains 11600 • 31 December 2005: # domains 27000 including about (2000 IDNs) • 31 December 2006: # domains 47000 including about (2000 IDNs) • Today: # domains 58000 including about (2000 IDNs)

  4. Recapitulation • Very slow growth 1994 to mid-2001 • Some movement mid-2001 to 2003 • Takes off late 2003 , has been doubling approximately each year

  5. Reasons for early failure: • Uncertainty about the status of Internet in the country; hence reluctance to publicize. Registration mostly confined to academic sector • Restrictive regulations • No second-level registration • Relatively high price

  6. Reasons for later success: • Liberalization of rules specially at 2nd level • Lower prices • Introduction of resellers promoting better publicity, great price competition and better publicity • Technical reliability • Legal security • Insecurity of gTLD registrations

  7. Despite : • Virtual absence of e-commerce • Minimal use of credit- and debit cards • Lack of cooperation of national telecom which is the main Internet provider in the country. Relations have recently improved ---------------------------------------------------------- Over 70% of domains are resolvable.

  8. .ir ccTLD vs gTLDs in Iran Ratio of # gTLDs registered by clients in Iran to # .ir domains: End of 2002: Very large End of 2003: ~ 10 End of 2004: 3.71 End of 2005: 2.02 End of 2006: 1.36 Now: 1.20 Success not a simple function of Internet growth

  9. Problem with gTLDs in Iran: • No local registrars, registrants at the mercy of sometimes unreliable resellers • Many US registrars refuse to sell to Iranian clients • Uncertainties about dispute resolutions; many Iranian registrants have lost registered domains

  10. Reliability of .ir • Technical robustness: - has successfully fended off DOS attacks - 4 mirrors outside the country - up-to-date technology, e.g., anycast • Administrative responsiveness: registrations usually within 12 hours, rarely over 24 hours; effective helpdesk • Legal security: final arbiter local courts

  11. Resellers: Problems to Solve • Initial lack of interest in .ir • Uncertainty of resellers about investment • Difficulty of collecting unpaid bills in Iran: slow legal system

  12. IRNIC Solution • IRNIC services priced in units. Examples: 2nd-level registration for one year: 2 units 2nd-level registration for 5 years: 6 units Transfer: 1 unit • Annual or semi-annual contracts starting at 25% discount for 125 units. • Dynamic system of discounts where total purchase up to any time determines discount on all purchases up to that point.

  13. Discount can go up to 75% on purchase of 3375 units. Beyond that, linear at 75%. • Resellers make deposit before purchase. • Current rate: 12 Euros per unit for foreign purchases, half that for domestic. • Presently 55 domestic and 3 foreign resellers. They handle 72% of .ir domains.

  14. Thank you Any ?

More Related