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Kingdom Animalia Mr. Nichols PHHS. Organism of the Day!. Horror/Hairy Frog: Trichobatrachus robustus
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Organism of the Day! • Horror/Hairy Frog: Trichobatrachusrobustus • The Horror Frog was discovered in 2008 and to the “horror” of scientists who studied it has an amazing technique. It has the ability to break its own bones in order to produce expendable claws.
Oh…the HORROR!!! • The end result may look like a cat's claw, but the breaking and cutting mechanism is very different and unique among vertebrates. Also unique is the fact that the claw is just bone and does not have an outer coating of keratin like other claws do. • It does not appear to have a muscle to pull it back inside so the team think it may passively slide back into the toe pad when its muscle relaxes. • Males of the species, which grows to about 11 centimetres, also produce long hair-like strands of skin and arteries when they are hurt.
What a hairy situation… • This species is roasted and eaten in Cameroon. They are hunted with long spears or machetes, apparently to avoid being hurt by their claws. The Bakossi people traditionally believed that the frogs fall from the sky and, when eaten, help childless human couples become fertile
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ • Body divided into sections/segments • Exoskeleton • Jointed legs • Well developed nervous system • Largest group of animals on earth
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ • 3 subphyla: • Classified into classes according to the number of legs, eyes and antennae they have.
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ SubphylumChilicerata is divided into 3 classes Arachnida – spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites Merostomata – horseshoe crabs Pycnogonida – sea spiders
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ Subphylum Chilicerata • Class – Arachnida • no antennae • 4 pairs of legs • 2 body regions - cephalothorax & abdomen • spiders, scorpions, mites & ticks
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ Subphylum Chilicerata • Class Merostomata • Horseshoe crabs • Ancient group of species • Changed little over 350 million years • Aquatic, mostly found on Atlantic & gulf coasts of United States.
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ Subphylum Chilicerata • Class Pycnogonida • Sea spider
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ Subphylum - Crustacea 5 Classes • Aquatic ones have gills • 2 antennae • 2 body regions or segmented • Shrimp, lobsters, crabs, barnacles, isopods • Many species taste delicious in butter
Subphylum Uniramia: 3 classes • Class Insecta (insects) • Class Chilopoda (Centipedes) • Class Diplopoda (Millipedes)
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ Subphylum Uniramia • Class Insecta • 3 pairs of legs • 2 body regions - head, thorax & abdomen • grasshoppers, ants, butterflies, bees
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ Subphylum Uniramia • Class Diplopoda • Millipedes • segmented animals • Have 2 pairs of legs per segment • Primarily herbivores & decomposers
~Invertebrate Phylum Arthropoda ~ Subphylum Uniramia • Class Chiopoda • Centipedes Usually terrestrial carnivores • Have 1 pair of antennae • Are often poisonous, using modified front claws to immobilize prey
~ Phylum Chordata ~ subphylumVertebrata 5 classes • Fish • Mammals • Reptiles • Amphibians • Birds
~ Characteristics ~ Multicellular Eukaryotic with no cell walls Heterotrophs (consumers)
~ Characteristics ~ • Have a nervous system to respond to their environment • Locomotion relates to ability to obtain food • Most animals develop from a zygote. • A single layer of cells surrounding a fluid-filled space forming a hollow ball of cells called a gastrula.
~ Developmental Characteristics ~ • The gastrula ismade up of three parts: • Ectoderm, a layer of cells on the outer surface of the gastrula,grows and divides developing into skin and nervous tissue. • Endoderm, a layer of cells lining the inner surface of the gastrula,develops into the lining of the animal’s digestive tract. • Mesoderm, made up of two layers of cells lying between the ectoderm and endoderm, forms muscles, reproductive organs and circulatory vessels.
~ Developmental Characteristics ~ • Animals that develop a mouth from the indented space in the gastrula are protostomes. • Animals that develop an anus from the opening in the gastrula are deuterostomes.
~Body Plans ~ • Animals that are irregular in shape are asymmetrical. • Animals that are regular in shape are symmetrical.
~ Body Plans ~ • An animal has radial symmetry if it can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into equal halves. • An animal has bilateral symmetry if it can be divided down its length into similar right and left halves forming mirror images of each other.
Which figure has bilateral symmetry? Which has radial symmetry?
Organism of the Day!!! • Velociraptor: Velociraptor mongoliensis • Kingdom: AnimaliaClass: Reptilia Node: DinosauriaSuborder: Theropoda
Raptor Facts! • Existed approximately 75 to 71 million years ago during the later part of the Cretaceous Period. • . It was a bipedal, feathered carnivore with a long, stiffened tail and an enlarged sickle-shaped claw on each hind foot, which is thought to have been used to kill its prey. • Adults measuring up to 6.8 ftlong, 1.6 fthigh at the hip, and weighing up to 33 lbThe skull, which grew up to 9.8 in long, was uniquely up-curved, concave on the upper surface and convex on the lower. The jaws were lined with 26–28 widely spaced teeth on each side, each more strongly serrated on the back edge than the front—possibly an adaptation that improved its ability to catch and hold fast-moving prey.
Cold-Blooded Killer • Velociraptor was probably warm-blooded to some degree, as it required a significant amount of energy to hunt. Modern animals that possess feathery or furry coats, like Velociraptor did, tend to be warm-blooded, since these coverings function as insulation. • However, bone growth rates in Velociraptors and some early birds suggest a more moderate metabolism, compared with most modern warm-blooded mammals and birds.
Organism of the Day (Thursday) • Giant Squid: Architeuthis dux • Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: MolluscaClass: CephalopodaOrder: Teuthida (Squid)
Giant Facts!!!! • Recent estimates put the maximum size at 43 ft for females and 33 ft for males from caudal fin to the tip of the two long tentacles. The mantle is about 6.6 ft long (more for females, less for males), and the length of the squid excluding its tentacles is about 16 ft. There have been claims of specimens measuring 66 ft or more, but no giant squid of such size has been scientifically documented.
More Facts! • Like all squid, a giant squid has a mantle (torso), eight arms, and two longer tentacles (the longest known tentacles of any cephalopod). The arms and tentacles account for much of the squid's great length, making giant squid much lighter than their chief predators, sperm whales.
Sweet Facts! • Giant squid have small fins at the rear of the mantle used for locomotion. Like other cephalopods, giant squid are propelled by jet – by pulling water into the mantle cavity, and pushing it through the siphon, in gentle, rhythmic pulses. • Giant squid have a sophisticated nervous system and complex brain, attracting great interest from scientists. They also have the largest eyes of any living creature–1 ft in diameter. Large eyes can better detect light (including bioluminescent light), which is scarce in deep water. It is thought the giant squid cannot see color, but they can probably discern small differences in tone, which is important in the low-light conditions of the deep ocean.
Organism of the Day (Friday) • Komodo Dragon: Varanuskomodoensis • Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataSubphylum: VertebrataClass: ReptiliaGenus: Varanus (alsoincludes Monitor Lizards)
Komodo Dragon Fun Facts!!! • It is the largest living species of lizard, growing to a maximum length of 9.8 ft in rare cases and weighing up to around 150 lb. Their unusual size has been attributed to island gigantism, since there are no other carnivorous animals to fill the niche on the islands where they live.
