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PERCEPTION!

PERCEPTION!. Our Essential Questions. How does perception influence our perspectives? What is the Gestalt perspective? What are the various types of perceptions we have?. Perception. The process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensation

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PERCEPTION!

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  1. PERCEPTION!

  2. Our Essential Questions • How does perception influence our perspectives? • What is the Gestalt perspective? • What are the various types of perceptions we have?

  3. Perception • The process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensation • Sensation is the stimulation, perception is the interpretation

  4. What do you think this mental integration, organization and interpretation is influenced by?

  5. Perceptions influenced by: ----Motivation ----Values ----Expectations ----Experience ----Culture ----Cognitive Style ----Personality

  6. Perception • Selective Attention focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus

  7. Visual Capture • tendency for vision to dominate the other senses

  8. Perception – say it • The process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensation

  9. Perceptual Constancy • We perceive objects as unchanging despite changes in retinal image • color/ brightness • shape • size

  10. The door changes shape, but you know that it doesn’t really change

  11. Visual capture • tendency for vision to dominate the other senses

  12. Gestalt Psychology • “unified whole” • Whole>sum of its parts • If we break experiences into their basic parts, something important is lost

  13. What do you see here?

  14. What do you see here?

  15. cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid, aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh? yaeh and I awlyas tghuhot slpeling was ipmorantt!

  16. Gestalt Psychology • Gestalt Psychologists focus on how we normally perceive images as groups, not isolated elements • Several factors influence how we will group objects: -Proximity -Similarity -Continuity -Closure

  17. Gsaeltt pysolgchoy epxanlis why taetlned eodtirs msis ebmarsasrnig tpyos. Our mnid prerefs "ctrorecing" waht we altclauy see.

  18. Figure- Ground relationship • organization of the visual field into object (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground) • Analyzing separate information allows us to re-act to each individual object accordingly • Camouflage – when figures blend into the background

  19. Camouflage

  20. What is the figure, and what is the background here?

  21. Dyslexia: inability to revisualize the gestalt of the word • Is this a problem with sensation or perception?

  22. Can you remember? • 836492059

  23. How’d you do? • 836492059

  24. Grouping • tendency to organize stimuli into groups • Aka “chunking” • Patterns, shapes, forms • How many #s can we remember?

  25. So how do we group? • Similarity • Proximity • Continuity • Closure

  26. Grouping - Similarity • The tendency to place items that look similar into a group

  27. Grouping - Proximity • The tendency to place objects that are physically close to each other in a group

  28. Grouping - Continuity • The tendency to follow a line and continue along the simplest, smoothest path

  29. Grouping - Closure • The tendency to fill in gaps in a perceptual field

  30. Perceptual Set • a bias or readiness to perceive certain aspects of available sensory data and to ignore others • Stereotypes?

  31. Perpetual Set - UFO

  32. Depth Perception • ability to see objects in 3D • allows us to judge distance

  33. Let’s try it! • Binocular vs. monocular…which one’s better? • With both eyes open, touch your index fingers together in front of your face. • Now close one eye and try. • Try at different distances.

  34. Depth Perception: Binocular Depth Cues Module 10: Perception

  35. Depth Perception – Binocular Cues • Retinal disparity: differences between 2 images of 1 scene • most effective when the item is quite close to the person

  36. Depth Perception – Binocular Cues • Convergence: 2 eyes focusing on the same object creates tension • The more tension, the closer the object • Works best at close distances

  37. Binocular Depth Cues: Finger Sausage

  38. Depth Perception: Monocular Depth Cues Module 10: Perception

  39. Depth Perception - Monocular Cues • Relative size: Using the perceived size of a familiar object to determine depth • The larger the object appears, the closer the object is to the viewer

  40. Depth Perception - Monocular Cues • Relative motion: when moving, we can determine depth by focusing on a distant object • Aka motion parallax • http://psych.hanover.edu/krantz/motionparallax/motionparallax.html

  41. Relative Motion

  42. Depth Perception – Monocular Cues • Figure-ground: tendency to organize stimuli into objects (the figures) that stand out from their surrounding (the ground) • figure = object (s) that draws one’s attention • ground = background

  43. What is the figure, and what is the background here?

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