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Understanding Active and Passive Immunity: Vaccines and Antitoxins

This overview explores the concepts of active and passive immunity, detailing various vaccine types that confer protection against bacterial pathogens. Active immunity is provided through capsular polysaccharide vaccines for infections like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis, as well as toxoid vaccines against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. Additionally, we discuss purified protein vaccines and live attenuated options such as BCG for tuberculosis. Passive immunity is covered through antitoxins for tetanus and diphtheria. Gain insights into immunization strategies critical for public health.

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Understanding Active and Passive Immunity: Vaccines and Antitoxins

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  1. Ch. 9Immunization

  2. Active Immunity • A. Capsular Polysaccharide Vaccines - Streptococcus pneumonia„32“ - Neisseria meningitis„A, C, W-135, Y“ - Haemophilus influenza - Salmonella typhi

  3. Active Immunity • B. Toxoid Vaccines - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Clostridium tetani - Bordetella pertussis

  4. Active Immunity • C. Purified protein vaccines - B. Pertussis acellular vaccine „genetically inactivated toxoid“ „DPT or DtaP“ - Borrelia burgdorferi „OspA“ „made by recombinant DNA technology“ - Bacillus anthracis vaccine „ protective Ag“

  5. Active Immunity • Live, Attenuated Bacterial Vaccines - M. Tuberculosis: BCG - S. Typhi - Francisella tularensis

  6. Active Immunity • Killed Bacterial Vaccines - Vibrio cholerae - Yersinia pestis - Rickettsia rickettsae or prowazekii - Coxiella burnetii

  7. Passive Immunity • Tetanus antitoxin • Botulinum „A, B, E“ hypersensitivity?? • Diphtheria antitoxin

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