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Electoral System

Electoral System. How politicians are elected into office. Electoral Systems First-Past-The-Post Proportional Representation Mixed Member Proportional System. 1. First-Past-The-Post (FPTP ). United States/ Britain/Nigeria/Iran Single-member districts (SMD)

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Electoral System

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  1. Electoral System • How politicians are elected into office. Electoral Systems • First-Past-The-Post • Proportional Representation • Mixed Member Proportional System

  2. 1. First-Past-The-Post (FPTP) • United States/ Britain/Nigeria/Iran • Single-member districts (SMD) • Plurality/winner-takes-all system • (more than other candidates) • Problems with FPTP?

  3. Problems with FPTP?

  4. 2. Proportional Representation (PR) • Russia • Multi-member districts • https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/BeginnningReading/howprwor.htm

  5. 2. Proportional Representation (PR) • Russia • Multi-member districts • Seats are divided among parties based on proportion of vote received. • Threshold • PARTY LIST • Closed List– • Parties order the list of candidates. • Open List— • Voters order the list of candidates.

  6. Proportional Representation (PR)(EU elections in UK– closed list)

  7. Proportional Representation(Open List) • https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/BeginnningReading/howprwor.htm

  8. 3. Mixed Member Proportional System (MMP) • Mexico • Some members of legislature are elected by single-member FPTP. • Some members elected by a proportional system.

  9. Mixed Member Proportional System

  10. Mexico’s Electoral System MIXED MEMBER PROPORTIONAL VOTING (MMP) • 1964: Proportional introduced • Chamber of Deputies (500 seats) • 300 SMD (FPTP) • 200 Proportional CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES: 2009

  11. https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/BeginnningReading/howprwor.htmhttps://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/BeginnningReading/howprwor.htm

  12. https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/BeginnningReading/howprwor.htmhttps://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/BeginnningReading/howprwor.htm

  13. Alternative Vote • British Referendum (2011) • FPTP: single-member districts • Rank your candidates • If no first preference gets a majority, second preference of least popular candidate gets redistributed. • Repeat until FPTP

  14. Party Systems • The set of significant political parties in a country, and their interactions. Party Systems • Single Party System • Single-Party Dominant System • Two Party System • Multiparty System

  15. Party Systems Single Party System Single-Party Dominant System One party controls political power for a long time. Other parties are tolerated. Few, if any, legal impediments to other parties. • One party with dictatorial power. • Position of power usually guaranteed in Constitution. • Political opposition is heavily restricted our outlawed.

  16. Party Systems Two Party System Multiparty System More than two parties have an impact on political life. Often leads to coalition governments. Type of Electoral System? PR & MMP • Two parties dominate. • Others may exist, but have no real political importance. Emanate from what type of Electoral System? FPTP

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