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Weather extremes and factors affecting climate

Weather extremes and factors affecting climate. 11/7 to 11/14. Weather extremes 10/7. Hurricanes Storms that form over warm, tropical ocean waters (typhoons in Asia) Air flowing over ocean temperatures of 80 degrees F. (about 27 Celsius) picks up huge amounts of moisture and heat energy.

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Weather extremes and factors affecting climate

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  1. Weather extremes and factors affecting climate 11/7 to 11/14

  2. Weather extremes 10/7 • Hurricanes • Storms that form over warm, tropical ocean waters (typhoons in Asia) • Air flowing over ocean temperatures of 80 degrees F. (about 27 Celsius) picks up huge amounts of moisture and heat energy

  3. Weather extremes 10/7 • Hurricanes Continued • Winds flow into low pressure and create an “eye” • “Eye” is about 10-20 miles (16-32km) across with calm, clear skies • Wind around the “eye” can reach 200mph (320km/h) • The clouds and winds can stretch up to 500 miles (833km) • Hits land = violent storm

  4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDFK40UMotc

  5. Weather extremes 10/7 • Tornadoes • Powerful funnel-shaped column of spiraling air • Form quickly • Winds 300mph (500km/h) • Usually small in diameter (300ft – about 100m) and only last a few minutes • Largest 1 mile (1.6km) in diameter and lasted for hours

  6. Weather extremes 10/7 • Tornado Facts • 1974 – within a 16 hour period 148 tornadoes occurred in Ohio and Tennessee Valley killing 330 people • 3 in 4 tornadoes hit in the U.S. • Average of 700 tornadoes per year in U.S.

  7. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xTpceWd8UE4

  8. Weather extremes 10/7 • Blizzards • Heavy snowstorm – winds 35mph (58 km/h) • Colorado – within 24 hours accumulated 76 inches of snow (6ft, 4 inches or about 2 meters) • California - 7 days storm dumped 189 inches (16 ft – about 5 meters)

  9. Weather extremes 10/7 Droughts Floods • Long period of time with little or no rain • Water spreads over land that is not usually covered in water

  10. Current Event • Typhoon Haiyan – Philippines • http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-24878801

  11. Factors affecting climate 11/8 • Wind Currents • Distribute heat through convection • Convection: transfer of heat in the atmosphere by upward motion of air • Sunlight in atmosphere heats and expands creating an area of low pressure • Cool dense air in high pressure rushes under the low pressure causing wind.

  12. Factors affecting climate 11/8 • Wind Currents • Warm air moves towards the poles and cold air moves towards the equator. • Winds don’t move in a straight line because the earth is rotating (page 54)

  13. Factors affecting climate 11/8 • Ocean Currents • Move in large circular systems • Warm water moves towards the poles and cold water moves towards the equator • Page 55

  14. Factors affecting climate 11/8 Zones of Latitude Elevation • Low/tropical • Middle/temperate • High/polar • As altitude increases, temperature drops • 3.5 degrees F for every 1,000ft

  15. Changes in climate 11/10 El Nino La Nina • Warming of water of west coast of South America • Every 2-7 years, easterly winds change direction causing wetter weather in the Americas and dry weather in Asia and Australia • Opposite of El Nino, causes dryness on Pacific coast of the Americas and wetness in Asia and Australia

  16. Changes in climate 11/10 • Global Warming • Theory that average surface temperatures on earth are increasing. (Have increased by 1 degree, but expected to rise by 3.5 in the next century) • Argue Against: Earth’s natural warming and cooling cycles • Argue for: greenhouse effect– layer of gas released by burning of coal and petroleum trap solar heat in the atmosphere. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWT-EWKIR3M

  17. El Nino and La Nina – 9G • Classzone.com • Social Studies – High School – New York • World Geography • Chapter 3 – Research Links • Section Assessment Links – Chapter 3 Section 2 • Use the links to research El Nino and La Nina and write a 2 paragraph summary explaining what you found.

  18. Global Warming Project • You will choose one of the 9 regions in this textbook (i.e. Asia, Americas, etc.) • You will need to research the causes of global warming and then use that information to describe how global warming has impacted or might impact the region you chose, assuming their theory of global warming is correct.

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