Ministry of Communications & IT Department of Telecommunications

1. Ministry of Communications & IT Department of Telecommunications National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap Implementation of Actionable Points thereof by State Governments 8.10.2010 Gangtok (Sikkim)

2. Contents Brief on Internet Protocol & IP Addresses Our Country’s need for IP addresses Initiatives by Govt. and activities of TEC Important extracts from TEC workshops “National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap” and Actionable Points IPv6 Task Force Structure & functions Proposed Ipv6 Deployment Plan for Govt. Deptts. Suggested Activities by State Government Review Meetings by DoT Questions/Queries

3. Preparing for Future Communications The Internet Architecture is based on the Internet Protocol (IP). This protocol connects different network elements like router, servers, hosts, computers, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) devices, mobile phones, sensors etc. This protocol specifies that each device should have a unique address to communicate globally with other devices on the Network. This address is known as the “IP Address”.

4. Internet Protocol & IP Address IP Address The Internet Protocol (IP) specifies that each device (router, servers, hosts, computers, Radio Frequency Identification devices (RFID) , mobile phones, sensors etc. )on a network should have a unique address to communicate globally with other devices on the Network. ROLE OF IP ADDRESS ? 10/12/2014 4

5. IP Address Schemes IPV4 Address (Present) IPV6 Address (Future) • Total Addresses = 2^32 = 4 billion • Some addresses are reserved for special purposes like private networks or multicast addresses. However practicall only 250 million addresses are usable. Total Addresses = 2^128 = 340 billion, billion, billion, billion 10/12/2014

6. IP Addresses vs Domain Names The Internet 202.112.0.462001:0400:: www.apnic.net? Computer www.apnic.net DNS 2001:0C00:8888:: 2001:0400:: 6

7. IP Addresses vs Domain Names 7

8. Where do IP addresses come from? End user Standards Allocation Allocation Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) distribute IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to the Internet community RIRs maintain accurate registration of Internet resource usage for the community Assignment

9. A quick summary IPv4 addresses are a finite resource Less Than 5% remaining But the demand for IP addresses will keep growing More devices are requiring IP addresses IP addresses are a pre-requisite for broadband penetration The remaining 5% is not large enough to support such demand IPv6 is the only solution ! 9

10. Regional Internet Registries 1992: “…it is [now] desirable to consider delegating the registration function to an organization in each of those geographic areas.” (RFC 1338) 10

11. Why our country needs adequate IP Addresses ?

12. India ranks #18* in IPv4 address allocation behind Taiwan and Netherlands IPv4 address stats: US-1.4B, CN-204M, JP-159M, NL-22M, IN-18.8M* Anomaly: At rank #3, India has great Internet potential by usage but grossly insufficient resources INTERNET USAGE in India vs. RoW * Source: http://www.bgpexpert.com/addressespercountry.php (As on 31/3/2009 with inputs from Nielsen Online and ITU)

13. Adequate IP Addresses for Wireless Data Services Rapidly Growing Mobile Data Subscribers

14. Adequate IP Addresses for the following • Next Generation Networks (NGN) • All types of Communication devices in 4G scenario • For expanding the country’s e-governance infrastructure • Organizational Networks, Public servers and websites etc. ALL Communication Networks and Devices will need IP Addresses 14

15. World IPv4 Address Scenario http://www.bgpexpert.com/addressespercountry.php

16. Only 18.5 million IPv4 addresses for a population of 1.2 billion in India. But the requirement for IP addresses will keep increasing with new services, new networks, new applications. Telecommunications will be largest consumer of IP addresses in coming years (Broadband, 3G, NGN, 4G, LTE etc.) IPv4 is a diminishing resource and is very costly compared to IPv6 right now and will be more costlier with passage of time IPv6 is the only solution ! Solution ? 16

17. IPv4 Consumption: Projection Expected IANA Pool Depletion - October 2011 Expected RIR Pool Depletion - August 2012 Current Availability = 16 blocks (of /8 addresses) = 268 million for whole world Consumption ~ 2 blocks / month 17

18. How IPv6 will help ? • Large Address Space – 128-bit addressing scheme, practically unlimited addresses to connect every possible device • End to End Communication – Useful from Security angle since every device on the network can be traced, not possible in IPv4 due to NAT (Network Address Translation) • Improved Security using IPSec – Mandatory implementation in IPv6 ensures that all transmission is secured • Support for 4G, NGN – IP is mandatory in 4G technologies like LTE and NGN implementations, so IPv6 is only option • IP Mobility – Cellular telephony like features in IP networks is possible – new “Greenfield Applications” possible

19. Risks of Not Implementing IPV6 • Partition of the Internet - Absence of wide enough deployment of IPV6 will cause the partition of the Internet , some regions will deploy IPV6 and some will run on IPV4 using NATs • Barriers to Innovation and New services - Application developers have to build increasingly complex central gateways to allow “NATted” clients to communicate with each other • p2p applications • VoIP • Video Conferencing • Collaborative environment • However, each IPV6 device connected to the network is potentially a P2P device. 10/12/2014

20. Internet Organizations • Organizations • ICANN, IETF, RIRs, NRO • Different RIRs • Manage common IPV4 and IPV6 resources and services • Distribution of IPV6 addresses • RIPE - 49% • APNIC - 24% (Asia – Pacific Region) • ARIN - 20% • LACNIC • AFRINIC • IETF • Develops standards and specifications

21. Initiatives by Government Various issues on IPv6 were deliberated at different levels in DoT, DIT,TRAI and other Stakeholders during previous years based on which Telecom Commission in 2009 entrusted TEC for IPv6 related activities in addition to others

22. IPv6 Activities of TEC

23. Workshops conducted by TEC • Training Programme with APNIC, Australia (25-26th Nov 2009, Mumbai) • MoU with the IPV6 Forum for IPv6 Activities in India • International Summit with IPv6 Forum (15-16th Dec 2009, New Delhi) • Appointment of Nodal Officers in Central & State Govt. Departments for IPv6 Deployment

24. Some Important Extracts from Workshops Suitable policy framework by Govt. for smooth Transition. Specific deadlines for Transition Creation of IPv6 Task Force and working Groups More Training and awareness activities Guidance to SME service providers and organizations on implementing IPv6 Govt. departments should take IP-based services from only IPv6 ready ISPs after a certain period of time Promoting Pilot projects in “Greenfield Applications”

25. Based on various IPv6 activities and discussions with stakeholders a need for a suitable policy was felt for timely implementation of IPv6 in the country. Accordingly TEC has prepared the “National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap”, which has been approved by the Government and has been released by Hon’ble MOC&IT in July 2010. • Actionable Points of “National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap” • All major Service providers (having at least 10,000 internet customers or STM-1 bandwidth) will target to handle IPv6 traffic and offer IPv6 services by December-2011. • All central and State government ministries and departments, including its PSUs, shall start using IPv6 services by March-2012. • Formation of the IPv6 Task Force with the proposed structure.

26. IPv6 Task Force • The Task Force will broadly have the following units – • Working Groups ( 9 ) • Steering Committee (1) • Oversight Committee (1)

27. Functions of Different Working Groups • WG-1 (Training and Awareness for ~ 250,000 persons) • Hands-on trainings in association with APNIC, IISc and other organizations • IPv6 Certification programmes for qualified engineers • Trainings for nodal officers from government • Conducting Workshops, seminars and conferences • WG-2 (IPv6 Network Implementation) • Studying the different network scenarios and make action plans for individual service providers / organizations. • WG-3 (IPv6 Standards and Specifications) • Coordinate with TEC for development of common IPv6 specifications for the country, which will be followed by all stakeholders.

28. Functions of Different Working Groups • WG-4 (India6 Network) • To study, plan and prepare a project report for building a nationwide IPv6 Carrier Network called “Transition Pipe”, which will be entrusted to one of the operators • WG-5 (Experimental IPv6 Network) • Study, plan and prepare to build this network, which can then be used for experimentation by different vendors and organizations both from the public and the private sector.

29. Functions of Different Working Groups • WG-6 (Pilot Projects on “Greenfield Applications”) • Prepare Plans, project reports, funding models and coordinate with different government and service providers to take up the deployment of such pilot projects to demonstrate the IPv6 capabilities • WG-7 (Application Support) • Facilitate the transition of existing content and applications and development of new content and applications on IPv6. • WG-8 (Knowledge Resource Development) • To ensure active participation of the educational institutes • Involved in the change of curriculum to include study of IPv6 as a subject.

30. Functions of Different Working Groups • WG-9 (IPv6 Implementation in Government) • Coordinate with different state Governments & central Government departments for implementation of IPv6 • Guidance on solving problems related to implementation of IPv6 • Members will be drawn from Experts in the field & nodal officers in various government departments for active participation

31. Proposed Lead Organizations for Working Groups Note: Each working Group will be headed by a Lead Organization

35. Stakeholders in IPv6 Deployment DoT/TEC DIT (NIC, NIXI, ERNET etc.) Different Government Departments (Central & State) Industry Associations (COAI , AUSPI ,CMAI, TEMA, ISPAI etc.) All telecom and internet service providers Cable TV Industry representatives Educational Institutions (IITs, IISc, NIITs etc.) IPv6 Forum, IPTV Forum etc. Equipment Vendors Content Providers Software vendors

36. Proposed IPv6 Deployment Plan for Government Departments

37. IPv6 Deployment in Govt. Departments • The following activities are required to be carried out by the different government departments for migrating to IPv6 by March 2012- • Policy development • Decision Making • Service Planning • Workforce Training • Decision on plan • Design and Technology verification • Equipment Selection • Equipment procurement and system building • Operation and maintenance System preparation • Launching of Services

39. Suggested Activities to be taken up by Govt. Departments

40. Suggested Activities to be taken up by Govt. Departments

41. Suggested Activities to be taken up by Govt. Departments

42. Preliminary Checklist for Migration from IPv4 to IPv6 in India (Annexure-A) • Nodal officers to take up the creation of transition teams • Auditing of Computers and Networking Equipments in the Organization • Auditing of Operating Systems and Application software for IPv6 capabilities • Ensure that all new equipment purchases will be IPv6 compliant • Transition and procurement plan for phased replacement of non compliant hardware and software.

43. Preparation of transition plan in consultation with service providers • Service providers giving internet and leased lines will be asked to provide IPv6 connectivity • Setup pilot IPv6 network in the organization for training of staff and testing purpose also • Application migration can begin with organization website to support IPv6 • .Deployment of IPv6 in Phases using technology for interoperability of IPv4 & IPv6 (Dual Stack, Tunelling, Translation)

44. Few Suggested Applications for Pilot projects using IPv6 • Logistics and Supply Chain • Intelligent Transport System • Rural Emergency Healthcare System • Tele-medicine • Tele-education • Smartgrids • Smart Buildings • (Many more such applications are available) Different Ministries, Government Departments and Organizations in Private Sector can come forward to Work on these and similar Pilot Projects.

45. Rural Emergency Health Care

46. Rural Healthcare in India – Statistics & Background Prime Minister Manmohan Singh "The Indian health system is perhaps guilty of many sins of omissions and commissions, We have grievously erred in many of our health program. We have paid inadequate attention to public health” Union Budget for Health State Budget for Health Contribution to Public Health 1990 – 1.3% of GDP 1999 – 0.9% of GDP

47. Rural Emergency Healthcare – Current Process Caller in distress Dispatch Officers (DO) Public Switching Telephone Network (PSTN) Dial 108 Doctor Doctor at Contact Center and Nurse in Ambulance co-ordinate over phone about patient care Central Co-ordination Contact Center Ambulances nearest to caller located and guided to destination Ambulances located at strategic places in districts

48. IPv6 simplifies and enhances Rural Emergency Healthcare Caller in distress GPS helps Locate Ambulance, guides Ambulance driver To destination IPv6 Backbone Dial 108 Central Co-ordination Contact Center Bio-sensors help collect Vital sign info which is transmitted in real-time helping doctor provide effective healthcare 3G Wi-Max Ambulances located at strategic places in districts

49. Power Generation and Distribution

50. Indian Electricity Scenario Power Supply Position (MW) AT&C (Aggregate Technical & Commercial Losses) ~ 33% • Objectives - APDRP (Accelerated Power Development and Reform Programme of the GoI – Funded through PFC) • Sustained Loss Reduction • Reliable and Automated systems for collection of accurate Base Line Data • Adopting IT for energy accounting