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Explore the distinct foundations, types, functions, and consequences of interest groups, separate from the government, aiming to influence public policy. Learn why interest groups are vital for better representation and the mechanisms for bringing about change.
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Conceptual FoundationI • An Organisation • Separate from Govt • Conduct/Attempt • Influence Public policy
Conceptual Foundation II • Organised Collection of Individual • Bound with common concern/interests • Engage in Collective action
Types • Sectional/protective –closed • Episodic – specific case • Casual/promotional • Influence through direct or indirect
Why Interest Groups • Links betn individual & governmental institutions • To restrain control of single group/party • Leadership opportunities • Better representation of issues
Functions • Agency – TU & Business org • Mediation –Unrepresented/powerless • Opposition –Check & balance (explicit/explicit) • Participation –reduce ‘democratic deficit’ • Propagate • Diversity
what’s Alternative • Provide alternative prevailing norms • Redemptive –old to new • Reformist – changing slowly/cumulative • Revolutionary – overthrow
Consequences • Interests of IG & party frequently converge • IG don’t simple by-pass political channel • IG are not simple more democratic that other political organisation • IG response to changing situation like the parties
How it functions • Pre-political –organise /moblile • Dissent –ideas/views • Representation • Mechanism for Change- radical