1 / 66

Interest Groups Politics of Influence

5. Interest Groups Politics of Influence. 5. Video: The Big Picture. http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Magleby_Ch05_Interest_Groups_Seg1_v2.html. 5. Video: The Basics.

kim
Télécharger la présentation

Interest Groups Politics of Influence

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 5 Interest Groups Politics of Influence

  2. 5 Video: The Big Picture http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Magleby_Ch05_Interest_Groups_Seg1_v2.html

  3. 5 Video: The Basics http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg2_InterestGroups_v2.html

  4. I. Interest Groups Past and President: “Mischiefs of Faction” 5.1 Learning Objective:Explain the role of interest groups and social movements in American politicsWhen a group of people share a common interest, they can form interest groups or even political parties to enact their goals into public policy. The Founders called these groups “factions,” and they worried that majority factions might trample on the rights of minorities. 5.1

  5. A. A Nation of Interests 5.1 1. Interest groups: People that come together with similar goals or ideas who want to influence government. • Demographic distinctions such as race, ethnicity, age, gender, religion, occupation, sexual orientation • Ideology/policy preferences such as gun control or tax reform c. “Special interests” is a derogatory term used for groups whose policy goals are contrary to the public interest

  6. 5.1 Video: In Context http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg3_InterestGroups_v2.html

  7. B. Social Movements 5.1 1. Origin of interest groups a. Social movements begin when people join together and take action for a significant issue, idea, or concern: Women’s, animal, civil, gay, immigration, environment, etc. 2. Bill of Rights a. Free speech b. Free assembly c. Due process

  8. 5.1 Arab Spring

  9. 5.1 5.1What is a modern term for faction? • Special interest • Political party • Interest group • All of the above

  10. 5.1 5.1What is a modern term for faction? • Special interest • Political party • Interest group • All of the above

  11. II. Types of Interest Groups 5.2 Lesson Objective: Categorize American interest groups into types

  12. A. Economic Interest Groups (most numerous) 5.2 • 1. Business • a. Large corporations such as auto and banking industries b. Small Business Federation • 2. Trade and Other Associations • a. National Association of Realtors • b. Chamber of Commerce • 3. Labor, began with industrialization • a. Unions form to improve wages, benefits & working cond. • b. AFL-CIO ¾ of unionized labour 13% of population • c. Open v. closed shop • d. Democratic Party

  13. 5.2 A. Economic Interest Groups • 4. Professional Associations • AMA and ABA • State-level lobbying

  14. 5.2 FIGURE 5.1: Union membership in the United States compared to other countries

  15. 5.2 FIGURE 5.2: Labor force and union membership, 1930-2011

  16. 5.2 Video: Thinking Like a Political Scientist http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg4_InterestGroups_v2.html

  17. B. Ideological and Single-Issue Interest Groups 5.2 • 1. Members share common viewpoint • a. Single-issue groups (abortion, gun control, taxes) • b. Unwilling to compromise • 2. National Rifle Association (NRA) • a. Largest and most powerful with 4 million members

  18. C. Public Interest Groups 5.2 • 1. Claim to represent public interest such as Common Cause. Emerged from 1960’s social movements. • a. Conducts and publish research • b. Educates the public • c. Lobbies politicians

  19. 5.2 Video: In the Real World http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg5_InterestGroups_v2.html

  20. D. Foreign Policy Interest Groups 5.2 • Council on Foreign Relations http://www.cfr.org/about/ • 2. Israel-Arab relations subject of many groups • a. AIPAC http://www.aipac.org/ • 3. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) • a. Greenpeace • b. Amnesty International

  21. E. Public Sector Interest Groups 5.2 • 1. Governments are interest groups • a. National Governors Association • b. National League of Cities • c. National League of Counties • 2. Government employees • a. National Education Association (NEA) 3.2 million members

  22. E. Other Interest Groups 5.2 • 1. Why we join groups • a. Common interest • b. Shared identification • c. Shared issue or concern • 2. What groups do • a. Educate public • b. Lobby elected officials • c. Provide information

  23. 5.2 TABLE 5.1: Environmental groups’ resources and strategies

  24. 5.2 5.2Which type of interest group is the most numerous? • Economic • Human rights • Environmental • Labor unions

  25. 5.2 5.2Which type of interest group is the most numerous? • Economic • Human rights • Environmental • Labor unions

  26. III. Characteristics and Power of Interest Groups Lesson Objective: Analyze sources of interest group powerhttp://www.opensecrets.org/industries/ 5.3

  27. A. Size and Resources 5.3 • 1. Size matters • a. Offer incentives • 2. So does spread • b. Concentration helps at state and local level versus dispersal which has members in every congressional district • 3. Resources matter, too! Broader its reach into centers of power • a. Money • b. Volunteers • c. Expertise • c. Reputation

  28. B. Cohesiveness and Leadership 5.3 • 1. Types of members • a. Formal leaders • b. actively-involved members • c. Members in name only • 2. Single-issue group = stronger cohesion • a. planned Parenthood • 3. Leadership • a. Tricky when group is diverse

  29. 5.3 AARP

  30. C. Techniques for Exerting Influence 5.3 • 1. Publicity, mass media, and the Internet • a. Influencing the public to contact representatives • b. Businesses have financial advantage • c. Social media (moveon.org) • d. Internet increases civic participation because communication is faster and cheaper • 2. Mass mailing/E-mailing • 1. Facilitated by computer technology

  31. C. Techniques for Exerting Influence 5.3 3. Direct contact with government a. Federal Register b. “Notice and comments period” 4. Litigation a. Civil rights b. Amicus curiae briefs (friend of the court)

  32. C. Techniques for Exerting Influence 5.3 • 5. Protest • a. Demonstrations • b. Occupy Wall Street • 6. Contributions to campaigns • a. PAC v Super PAC • http://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/superpacs.php

  33. C. Techniques for Exerting Influence 5.3 • 7. Nonpartisan • a. Donate to incumbents • b. Endorsements • c. Score cards • 8. New political parties • a. Green Party • 9. Cooperative lobbying • a. Like-minded groups work together in order to have more influence

  34. 5.3 Vote 4 Energy

  35. 5.3 5.3What are PACs? • A coalition of labor unions • The interest group that represents public employees • The political arm of an interest group • None of the above

  36. 5.3 5.3What are PACs? • A coalition of labor unions • The interest group that represents public employees • The political arm of an interest group • None of the above

  37. Explore the Simulation: You Are a Lobbyist 5.3 http://media.pearsoncmg.com/long/long_longman_media_1/2013_mpsl_sim/simulation.html?simulaURL=16

  38. IV. Influence of LobbyistsLearning Objective: Describe lobbyists and the activities through which they seek to influence policy 5.4

  39. A. Who Are the Lobbyists?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MjY5Zkt51wY 5.4 1. Revolving door • Former public servants (50% of former congress people work in the lobbying industry) • Tools of influence: Money, Charm, Personal influence, Persuasiveness, Knowledge, Issue networks • Issue Networks • Special relationships among interest groups, congressional committees and subcommittees, and government agencies that share a common policy concern.

  40. B. What Do Lobbyists Do?http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/ 5.4 • 1. Competition limits influence • 2. Money most important for re-election • a. Volunteers • b. Incumbent advantage • 3. Types of information • a. Political: consists of who supports what, and how strongly • b. Substantive: impact of proposed laws and technical language to go into the legislation. • 4. Taking their message to the people

  41. 5.4 5.4Who is most likely to become a lobbyist? • A former teacher • A former judge • A former elected official • A former farmer

  42. 5.4 5.4Who is most likely to become a lobbyist? • A former teacher • A former judge • A former elected official • A former farmer

  43. V. Money and Politics Learning Objective: Identify ways interest groups use money in elections and assess efforts to regulate this spending 5.5

  44. A. Political Action Committees (PACs) 5.5 • 1. Political arm of interest group • a. What PACs do • 1. Give money to politicians • 2. Persuade politicians to act or vote a certain way • b. Interests represented by PACs • 1. Corporations, trade, health, unions, ideological

  45. 5.5 FIGURE 5.3: Total PAC contributions to candidates for U.S. Congress, 1975-2010

  46. 5.5 TABLE 5.2: PACs that gave the most to federal candidates, cumulatively, 2000-2010 (millions of dollars)

  47. A. Political Action Committees (PACs) 5.5 3. Super PACs • Citizens United v. FEC (2010)

  48. 5.5 TABLE 5.3: Candidate supportive Super PACs and money they spent in 2011-2012

  49. B. How PACs Invest Their Money 5.5 • 1. Incumbents • a. PACs provide 42% of campaign funding

More Related