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Workflow-based BPMS

Workflow-based BPMS. 2005. 6. B.K. Choi KAIST I.E Dept. bkchoi@vmslab.kaist.ac.kr. Contents. BPM: A Classical IE Tool Workflow Management System BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System Next Generation BPMS Framework Benefits of Implementing BPMS Conclusion & Discussion.

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Workflow-based BPMS

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  1. Workflow-based BPMS 2005. 6. B.K. Choi KAIST I.E Dept. bkchoi@vmslab.kaist.ac.kr

  2. Contents • BPM: A Classical IE Tool • Workflow Management System • BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System • Next Generation BPMS Framework • Benefits of Implementing BPMS • Conclusion & Discussion

  3. 1. BPM: A Classical IE Tool (1/5) 1) Evolution of BPM Concepts • The first wave of BPM : F.W. Taylor’s Scientific Management(1920) • The second wave of BPM : ERP(1990) • The third wave of BPM : Workflow-based BPMS(2000) 1st Wave BPM Taylor’s Scientific Mgt (Manual management of BP) 2nd Wave BPM ERP (Firm-automation of BP) 3rd Wave BPM Workflow-based BPMS (Programmable-automation of BP) Source: Business Process Management: The third wave, H. Smith and P. Fingar, Meghan-Kiffer Press 2003

  4. 1. BPM: A Classical IE Tool (2/5) 2) Key Areas of Classical IE Office Operation Control(Office Automation) Shop Floor Control(Loading Scheduling) Physical Processing Control (Processing & Material Handling)

  5. 1. BPM: A Classical IE Tool (3/5) 3) Physical Processing Control: Methods Engineering Operation Process Chart Flow Process Chart Source: Methods Engineering, E.V. Krick, John Wiley & Sons 1962

  6. 1. BPM: A Classical IE Tool (4/5) 4) Shop Flow Control: Real-time Scheduling, APS BOP (Bill of Processes) Loading Schedule Network Source: B.K.Choi, D.H. Kim, H. Hwang "Gantt Chart Based MES for Die and Mold Manufacturing”, IFIP Conf.,1995

  7. Assign Planning Manager Leader Staff Member Workitem BPMS Step1 Step2 Step3 Step4 S E A1 A2 A3 A1 A2 A3 A1 A2 A3 A1 A2 A3 Invoke Web service A2A ERP DB EPS CRM Common-DB Application 1. BPM: A Classical IE Tool (5/5) 5) Office Operation Control: BPMS (Orchestration)

  8. Contents • BPM: A Classical IE Tool • Workflow Management System • BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System • Next Generation BPMS Framework • Benefits of Implementing BPMS • Conclusion & Discussion

  9. 2. Workflow Management System (1/9) * • Definitions (by WfMC) • Workflow is the computerized facilitation or automation of a business process, in whole or part. • Workflow Management System (WfMS) : A system that completely defines, manages and executes “workflows” through the execution of software whose order of execution is driven by a computer representation of the workflow logic. 1) Definitions and Goals of Workflow Management • Goals of Workflow Management (WfM) • To manage the flow of work such that the right work (business process) is done at the right time with the right information by the right person in the organization • To support flexible automation of business process *Source: The Workflow Reference Model, WfMC 1995 (TC00-1003)

  10. 2. Workflow Management System (2/9) 2) Workflow Object Model Process Instance Model* Participant-1 Participant-2

  11. 2. Workflow Management System (3/9) 3) Reference Model of WfMS Major Functions: (1) Process Definition (2) Process Instantiation (3) Interaction with Users & Apps (4) Process Monitoring

  12. 2. Workflow Management System (4/9) 4) Major Steps of WfM (1) Process Modeling & Definition • Analyze and design process • Assign organization/role to activity • Define data: document templates (2) Workflow Enactment Service (Process Instantiation & Control) • Create & execute process instances by process model • Dispatch work to participant with data and tool (3) Interaction with User & Application tools (work list, work item handler) • Manage work-list • Handle and complete work items • Invoke applications & IT Tools (4) Monitoring

  13. 2. Workflow Management System (5/9) (4-1) Process Definition (a) Define activity flow (activity + transition) (b) Define activity attributes • Types • Generic (Human work) • Agent (Mail…) • Sub-process • Connector (dummy) • Participant • Invoked app. information • Post-condition Activity Transition (a) Firefighting training process (b)

  14. 2. Workflow Management System (6/9) (4-2) Process Instantiation • Process initiate : create process instances with input parameters • Input parameters • Name, description • Priority : urgent or not • Attachments • Initiate method • Manual or programmable automatic

  15. 2. Workflow Management System (7/9) (4-3) Interaction with Users & Apps (execute workitems) (a) View workitem list (worklist) (b) Execute workitem via workitem handler • invoke apps. (MS-office tool, URL, document …) (c) Complete workitem • may attach sign, comments (c) Return “completion” with signature (b) Invoke electronic document generator (a) Enabledwork items - notify workitem arrivals

  16. 2. Workflow Management System (8/9) (4-4) Process monitoring • Process status • Activity information : start-date, end-date, participant (performer) Under processing Completed

  17. 2. Workflow Management System (9/9) 5) Interface Specs in WfMS • Interface 1 (definition interface): TC-1016-WPDL, TC-1025-XPDL (XML-based PDL) • Specifications for process definition data and its interchange • Interface 2 (client interface):TC-1009 (Client API Spec) • Interfaces to support interaction with user interface desktop functions • Interface 3 (application interface): TC-1009 • Interfaces to support interaction with a variety of IT application types • Interface 4 (inter-workflow interface): TC-1012 (Abstract Spec.), TC-1023 (WF-XML) • Interfaces to support interoperability between different workflow systems • Interface 5 (supervisor interface): TC-1015 (Audit Data Specification) • Interfaces to provide system monitoring and metric functions to facilitate the management of composite workflow application environments

  18. Contents • BPM: A Classical IE Tool • Workflow Management System • BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System • Next Generation BPMS Framework • Benefits of Implementing BPMS • Conclusion & Discussion

  19. 3. BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System (1/5) 1) Industrial Information System Pyramid Strategic planning & DSS SEM Reporting and Controlling system Value-oriented job accounting systems ERP {Sales, Purchasing, Production, Accounting, …} Quantity-oriented operative systems Operational BPMS(Order-to-Delivery Execution System) Design Purchasing Manufacturing Fulfillment Engineering Package Software (CAD, CAM, CAE, POP..) Source: Business Process Engineering, August-Wilhelm Scheer, 2000

  20. 3. BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System (2/5) 2) Trends in IDT Software System Development • Document Preparation Automation (1980’s): Operational Computerization • Workflow Processing Automation (1990’s): Operational Computerization • Business Process Orchestration (2000’s): Strategic Computerization Information Oriented Process Oriented Volume BPMS Process-flow (Orchestration) WfMS Information-flow(Automation) Groupware Information (Access) Complexity Source: S.H. Ahn, C.H.Paek, Workflow, 2000

  21. Participant Third Party Applications & Automated Activities Organizational Management Work Items & Work List Generates Invokes Validates Process Designer Rule Engine Security & Directory Services Execution Engine If … Then… Else … Define Instantiate Operational Data Update Persists Process Definition Activity Monitor Accesses 3. BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System (3/5) 3) Conceptual Model of BPMS“BPMS is a generic software system that is to orchestrate operational business processesdriven by explicit process designs”BPMS = WfMS + Rule Engine + Activity Monitor + .. Diagnosis Operation (Re)design (Re)construction Source: “BPM 2003 Market Milestone Report”, Delphi, 2003 Source: W.M.P. van der Aalst et al., “Business Process Management: A Survey”, BPM 2003 LNCS 2678

  22. Challengers Leaders FileNet DST Fujitsu AMS Transflow Pegasystems CommerceQuest/KMG Metastorm Adobe Magic Quovadx Savvion Ultimus Agentis AptSoft Axentis Cardiff Celcorp Elity Focus Solution GeneXus GXS IDS Scheer Ilog ……. Identitech Insession Action Teamplate Dralasoft Q-Link Avao Niche Players Completeness of Vision Visionaries 3. BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System (4/5) 4) Commercial BPMS Solutions • The 2003 Pure-Play BPM Magic Quadrant and Deployments Survey Ability To Execute Source: “BPM 2003 Market Milestone Report”, Delphi, 2003 Source: Gartner Research (May 2003)

  23. Process Designer Organizational Mgt Work-items List Application Invoke 3. BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System (5/5) 5) BPMS S/W Example (BizFlow® 8.0 )

  24. Contents • BPM: A Classical IE Tool • Workflow Management System • BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System • Next Generation BPMS Framework • Benefits of Implementing BPMS • Conclusion & Discussion

  25. Analyze Tactical KPI GenerateAlternatives Executive BPMS(Milestone Management) Manage What-if- Simulation Select Alternative Planning & Control OES DES MPS MES Operational BPMSs (Enactment Services) Monitor Expedite MES MPS OES DES Execute Run-timeSimulation Human Participants & Invoked Applications Improve Process Rule Compliance Analyze Strategic KPI BPR Simulation Process Template Deploy/ Apply SOP Management SOP Repository ISP Improved Business Rules [Structured Management ] [Closed-loop Control] [Dynamic Simulation] 4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (1/8) 0) Overall Requirements of Next-Generation BPMS (1) Structured management for collaborative orchestration (2) Closed loop control for continuous improvement (3) Dynamic simulation for proactive optimization

  26. Executive Division Manager 사업부 Dept. Manager 담당부서책임자 Members 업무담당자 Applied Dept. SOP Applied Division SOP Applied Enterprise SOP 4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (2/8) 1)Hierarchical 3-layer Architecture for Structured Management(1) 3-Layer Structure: Milestone manager + Execution system + SOP manager(2) Dual Hierarchy: Milestone Tree + SOP Tree [Organization Structure] [BPMS Framework] Root Node Milestone Management Intermediate Node Milestone Management Milestone Management Leaf Node Milestone Management Milestone Management Execution System Execution System Operational BPMS SOP Management SOP Management SOP Management Intermediate BPMS SOP (Business Rule) Management SOP = standard operating procedure

  27. 4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (3/8) 2) Event-driven Milestone Management • PROJECT & PHASE levels are managed hierarchically • “Plan” is assigned to a Start Activity • Gantt Chart is updated by Events

  28. Design Review Request form Design Review Check List Design Review Check List Design Review Request form Start Request design review Review & Fill in check list Conform result End Design Engineer Design Engineer Reviewer SOP Manager Process Templates Business Rule Handler Action Rules SOP Repository Template Handler Data Rule (Check-list items) Process Template (Design Review SOP) Action Rule (DR Request Form) Activity Templates Data Rules 4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (4/8) 3) SOP Management Support • SOP = Process rules + Action rules + Data rules • Data Rules = document form, etc. • Action Rule = if-then... • Process Rules = “Best Practice” Process Templates Source: Paul Harmon, “Business Rule : An Introduction”, Business Process Trend, Vol1, No7, 2003

  29. Pre-construction Item Design-type Factory Cases of DP Activity Templates(Canned cycle) Task Repository I/O Data H/LAMP Major F1:JR H-M-F1: DP1 Task network T1 T1 T1 T1 Application type A1 T1 Parameter H-M-F2: DP2 M/T F2:NW Minor Document Form H-M-F3: DP3 F3:경산 A/T F/L Define Activity from STD Tasks DP4 . . . . . H-M-F1: DP1 (l) (m) (n) (l x n x m) A2 A1 A3 DFMEA Review Meeting Structure design Process Template Repository Load Selected Master-DP Lay-out design Detail design Define Master-DP by Item & type H/LAMP-Major DP A4 A5 Proto DWG release Design review M/T-Minor DP A7 A6 A/T-Minor DP Optional Mandatory 4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (5/8) 4) Template-based Process Instancing • Impossible to model all cases of DP (design process)  User-configurable process templates Define Activity from Activity-templates

  30. SOP Management Monitoring Business Rules Process Template Current State Workitem Dynamic Instancing Enactment Service Workitem Execution Analysis & Reporting Process Invocation Process Instance Process Parameters Results Re-scheduled Instance Notification Result Result Expediting Runtime Simulation Process Optimization 4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (6/8) 5) Closed-Loop Control Support via Runtime Simulation • (Open-loop) BPMS = WfMS + SOP + Load/Schedule Monitoring + • Close-loop BPMS =+ Simulation + Expediting + Optimization + Workflow engine

  31. Plan Editing What-if Simulation Measuring Milestone Planning Proactive Monitoring Current State Definition Model Process Instance Process Definition Dynamic Instancing Enactment Service Workitem Execution Analysis& Reporting Workitem Result Re-planned Instance Notification Evaluation & BPR Business Rule (SOP) Runtime Simulation Result Result Expediting Process Optimization 4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (7/8) 6) Closed-Loop 3-layer Architecture (cBPMS) • Operational Feedback Control via Runtime Simulation • Tactical Feedback Control via What-If-Simulation • Strategic Feedback Control via BPR (Simulation)

  32. 4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (8/8) • User Scenario for the Closed-Loop 3-layer BPMS PI Team General Manager Project Manger Participants New Project Releases SOP/BR (Re) Modeling Project Process definition Milestone Process Planning (Re) Define Process Templates & Rules Milestone Planning & Control Initial Process Instance Member Organization Organization (Re) Modeling Project Team Planning & Control Process Editing & Dynamic Instancing Runtime Process Instance Process Start Expediting Expedite Revision request Runtime Simulation BPR Simulation “What-if” Simulation Status /Exception Status Monitoring & Analysis Process Execution (Workitem Handling) Result Evaluation & Analysis Process Completion Execution log PI :Process Innovation

  33. Contents • BPM: A Classical IE Methodology • Workflow Management System • BPMS: A Pervasive IDT Software System • Next Generation BPMS Framework • Benefits of Implementing BPMS • Summary and Discussions

  34. ! Manual Help Desk BPMS Guide/Help Self-learn Look-up Inquiry Act1 Act2 Act3 Act4 Diary ? ? ? ? Job execution windows Notify/remind work items Order Record Worklist Worklist Search Access BPMS 5. Benefits of Implementing BPMS (1/4) 1) Fault-tolerant job-execution support for non-frequent users 2) Personal secretary managing schedules & to-do lists

  35. Sharing ?? consult Deliverables Archive discuss Access Reuse BPMS Report Too late Process Archive Deliverable DB Gap Private Know-how BPMS Ad hoc processing Load/schedule monitoring Automatic accumulation Search Act2 Act3 Act4 Act1 Act1 Act2 Act3 Act4 Act1 Act2 Act3 Act4 Act1 Act2 Act3 Act4 Pending/overdue tasks Completed tasks 5. Benefits of Implementing BPMS (2/4) 3) Load/schedule monitoring & visualization (present transparency) 4) Know-how accumulation and deliverable reuse (past transparency)

  36. Inquiry/order ATP Inquiry/Order As-is KPI analysis Alternative evaluation Customer ? To-be ATP/ early warning BPMS Customer BPMS Document-based BPR Late reply Follow-up Process Archive Assign Process mining Reporting what-if simulation Interview survey Simulation DB Suggest Act2’ Act1 Act2 Act3 Act4 Tasks Act1 Tasks Act2 Act3 Act4 Act1 Act2 Act3 Act4 Act1 Act2 Act3 Act4 5. Benefits of Implementing BPMS (3/4) 5) Proactive loading/scheduling & quick response (future transparency) 6) KPI analysis & continuous improvement

  37. Fault-tolerant execution Transparent Personal secretary Process transparency RTE Agile Responsive Knowledge accumulation Proactive management Process improvement 5. Benefits of Implementing BPMS (4/4) • Summary of BPMS benefits “RTE is an enterprise that competes by using up-to-date information to progressively remove delays to the management and execution of itscritical business processes” in order to minimize response times with optimal response quality.

  38. 6. Summary & Discussions • Summary • BPM is a classical IE Tool- Evolution of BPM Concepts- Key Areas of Classical IE - Physical Processing Control :Methods Engineering - Shop Flow Control : Real-time Scheduling, APS - Office Operation Control : BPMS (Orchestration) • Workflow Management System- Definitions and Goals of Workflow Management- Workflow Object Model - Reference Model of WfMS - Major Steps of WfM - Interface Specs in WfMS • BPMS is a Pervasive IDT Software System- Industrial Information System Pyramid- Trends in IDT Software System Development - Conceptual Model of BPMS - Commercial BPMS Solutions - BPMS S/W Example • Next Generation BPMS Framework- Overall Requirements of Next-Generation BPMS - Hierarchical 3-layer Architecture for Structured Management- Event-driven Milestone Management Support - SOP Management Support - Template-based Instancing Support - Closed-Loop Control Support via Runtime Simulation - Closed-Loop 3-layer Architecture (cBPMS) - User Scenario for the Closed-Loop 3-layer BPMS • Benefits of Implementing BPMS- Fault-tolerant job-execution support for non-frequent users- Personal secretary managing schedules & to-do lists- Load/schedule monitoring & visualization (present transparency)- Know-how accumulation and deliverable reuse (past transparency) - Proactive loading/scheduling & quick response (future transparency) - KPI analysis & continuous improvement

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