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Understanding Modals in English: Must, Have to, Should, and Their Forms

Explore the essential modal verbs in English grammar: must, have (got) to, should, and their variations. This chapter delves into the meanings and uses of these modals, providing clear examples such as "You must talk to your doctor" and "You should tell your mother." Learn the difference between obligation and advice, and understand the past forms like "should have" and "shouldn't have." Complete practice exercises designed to deepen your comprehension and application of these important grammatical structures.

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Understanding Modals in English: Must, Have to, Should, and Their Forms

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  1. Grammar Chapter 1-G2 Moeten: must, have (got) to, should, should have

  2. Moeten: must, have (got) to, should, should have, need to • Must: ik vind dat iets moet. • Have (got) to: iemand anders vind dat iets moet of deomstandigheden maken dat iets moet. • Should: iets zou eigenlijkmoeten of je geeft advies. • Should have (+voltooid dw): iets hadgemoeten, maar is niet gebeurd. • Shouldn’t have (+voltooid dw): iets had niet gemoeten, maar is wel gebeurd.

  3. Moeten: must, have (got) to, should, should have, need to • Voorbeelden: • Must: You must talk to your doctor. (ik vind dat dat moet) • You must do your homework! • Have/has to: My father has to work late tonight. (omstandigheden eisen overwerk) • Have/has to: I have to leave now; my train leaves in five minutes. (omstandigheden maken dat ik moet gaan, nl de trein vertrekt over 5 minuten)

  4. Moeten: must, have (got) to, should, should have, need to • Voorbeelden: • Should: You should work harder. (zou eigenlijk harder moeten werken) • You should tell your mother. (advies) • Should have + volt.dw: They should have brought an umbrella. (dat zouden ze hebben moeten doen, maar ze hebben het niet gedaan) • Shouldn’t have + volt.dw: He shouldn’t have treated her like that. (Hij had haar niet zo moeten behandelen, maar heeft dat wel gedaan)

  5. Moeten: must, have (got) to, should, should have, need to • Let op: de verleden tijd van must = had to, dus: • I had to sing.= Ik moest zingen. • He had to pass = Hij moest slagen. • Let op: de toekomende tijd van must = will have to, dus: • I will have to sing = Ik zal moeten zingen. • He will have to save a lot of money = Hij zal veel geld moeten sparen.

  6. Moeten: must, have (got) to, should, should have, need to • Nu nog iets over de vorm. Na: • Must • Have to / has to • Should • Gebruik je altijd het hele werkwoord!, bijv: • You must go (niet: must going). • We have to run (niet: we have to running). • You should be polite (niet: should being).

  7. Opdrachten bij Ch1-G2 • Zoek een engelse tekst / teksten waarin je voorbeelden van dit grammatica onderdeel terug vindt. • Onderstreep / markeer van elk onderdeel minimaal 1 voorbeeld, dus 1 met must, 1 met have to/has to, en 1 met should; misschien kun je zelfs 1 vinden met should have + voltdw en shouldn’t have + voltdw. • Bewaar deze tekst(en) in je portfolio. • Maak opdracht 2a, 2b op blz. 22, 23 WB

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