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Circle of 5ths

Circle of 5ths. This is a tool to help you remember all the major and minor key signatures 2 Important things to know: Formula of whole steps and half steps Major: WWHWWWH Minor (pure): WHWWHWW. What is a 5 th ? More specifically a Perfect 5 th . (P5) 7 half steps or

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Circle of 5ths

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  1. Circle of 5ths This is a tool to help you remember all the major and minor key signatures 2 Important things to know: Formula of whole steps and half steps Major: WWHWWWH Minor (pure): WHWWHWW

  2. What is a 5th? More specifically a Perfect 5th . (P5) • 7 half steps or 2. start counting on the first note, count up to 5, keeping to the key signature of the first note.

  3. 1 3 6 0 2 4 5 7 C D E F G

  4. C

  5. Using your “keyboard” Starting on C, count up: CDEFG. C to G is a Perfect 5th.

  6. C D E F G

  7. The next key signature is G Add 1 # to the key signature, which note (scale degree) of the new scale is it? (hint: you can use the scale formula to figure it out)

  8. 7th In the key of G this is F, so we add an F# Going clockwise, fill in the name and key signature of this new key.

  9. C G

  10. Continue from G GABCD G to D is a Perfect 5th

  11. G A B C D

  12. Add 1# to the key signature 7th scale degree is C#.

  13. C G D

  14. Continue and complete your circle of fifths up to 6#s.

  15. C G D A

  16. C G D A E

  17. C G D A E B

  18. C G D A E B Gb F#

  19. Now we will look at the keys that go counter clockwise. We will be adding flats this time. Starting at C, count down 5 notes: CBAGF C down to F is a Perfect 5th

  20. F G A B C

  21. Add 1b to the key signature on the 4th scale degree of the new scale. FGAB so B is the 4th. We make it Bb.

  22. C G F D A E B Gb F#

  23. Continue from F, count down 5 F E D C Bb F down to Bb is a Perfect 5th

  24. Bb C D E F

  25. Add 1b to the key signature 4th scale degree is Eb

  26. C G F Bb D A E B Gb F#

  27. Continue filling in your Circle of 5ths up to 6 flats. And fill in the enharmonic equivalents for 5b and 7#, and 5# and 7b

  28. C G F Bb D Eb A E B Gb F#

  29. C G F Bb D Eb A Ab E B Gb F#

  30. C G F Bb D Eb A Ab E B Cb Db C# Gb F#

  31. That takes care of all the major keys. Now on to minor. Review the half step/whole step formula of the minor scale. W H W W H W W

  32. C a

  33. Using your keyboard.Starting on A, count up: ABCDE. A to E is a Perfect 5th. Add 1 # to the key signature, which note (scale degree) of the new scale is it? (hint: use the scale formula to figure it out)

  34. 2nd In the key of E minor this is F, so we add an F# Going clockwise, fill in the name and key signature of this new key. Continue filling in minor keys up to 6#

  35. C G a e

  36. C G D a e b

  37. C G D a e b A f#

  38. C G D a e b A f# c# E

  39. C G D a e b A f# c# g# ab E B

  40. C G D a e b A f# c# g# ab eb d# E B Gb F#

  41. Now for the flats. Starting at A, count down 5 notes: A G F E D A down to D is a Perfect 5th Add 1b to the key signature on the 6th scale degree of the new scale. D E F G A B, so B is the 6th. We make it Bb.

  42. C G F D a d e b A f# c# g# ab eb d# E B Gb F#

  43. Continue around the circle filling in all the minor keys. Make sure you fill in the enharmonic equivalents for the 5,6, and 7 bs and #s.

  44. C G F Bb D a d e g b A f# c# g# ab eb d# E B Gb F#

  45. C G F Bb D a d e g b Eb A c f# c# g# ab eb d# E B Gb F#

  46. C G F Bb D a d e g b Eb A c f# c# f g# ab eb d# Ab E B Gb F#

  47. C G F Bb D a d e g b Eb A c f# c# f g# ab bb eb d# Ab E B Cb Db C# Gb F#

  48. Now try it again on a new blank worksheet. Can you remember all the steps?

  49. Just to make things more complicated, • there are 3 different ways to play minor scales: • Pure • Harmonic: Raised 7th scale degree • Melodic: ascending, raised 6th and 7th • descending, same as pure. • Listen to them as I play them on the piano. • Let’s see if you can recognize them as I play. • Indicate on your paper which one I am playing.

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