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Bits or Paper?

Bits or Paper?. eGov 2005, Dexa Robert Krimmer Melanie Volkamer Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien DFKI Saarbrücken. Comparing Remote Electronic Voting to Postal Voting. Overview. Comparing Remote Electronic Voting to Postal Voting Shared Problems and Risks of Remote Voting Criteria Catalogue

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Bits or Paper?

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  1. Bits or Paper? eGov 2005, Dexa Robert Krimmer Melanie Volkamer Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien DFKI Saarbrücken Comparing Remote Electronic Voting to Postal Voting

  2. Overview • Comparing Remote Electronic Voting to Postal Voting • Shared Problems and Risks of Remote Voting • Criteria Catalogue • Case Study of an election with multiple channels • Project Overview • Technology • Conclusion

  3. Forms of Voting

  4. Shared Problems and Risksof Remote Voting • Vote casting in a private surrounding • no control of a local election committee • voter is in charge to guarantee these principles. • Vote casting process can be under surveillance • secret vote in danger • Family voting (vote coercion) and vote buying • free vote in danger • Anyone in possess of the identification material can vote instead of the voter • personal vote in danger

  5. Our Model • Comparative studies of e-Participation and e-Voting efforts found that context matters: • Braun, Prosser & Krimmer 2003 • Leenes & Svensson 2003 • Macintosh 2003 • Kersting 2004 • Four dimensions framethe e-Voting deployment Technology Law Society Politics

  6. Criteria Catalogue • The development of the criteria catalogue to make e-voting projects comparable • Three parts: (1) Project Overview, (2) Project Technology (3) Project Outcome (1) Project Overview (2) Project Technology (3) Project Outcome

  7. Case Study – Project Overview • The GI’s chairman election 2004(Gesellschaft für Informatik) • Multiple channel approach: e-Voting / postal voting • Legally binding (articles for voting allows e-voting) • Requirement: Same level of security for each channel • 20.395 eligible voters (4.845 e-vote, 81 postal vote) • Used System: POLYAS from Micromata • Election letter (information, covered TAN code)

  8. Technology – Postal Voting • General election • Additional request for postal voting material • Mail delivery rate 97,1 - 99% • Secret election • Two different envelops • Free/secret vote casting • Personal signature • Equal vote casting • Only one election letter is sent to each voter • Voter ID is transmitted with the ballot

  9. Technology – e-Voting • Web application • All common browsers are supported • Identification: PIN/TAN • Two-Server-Architecture • System examination • By security and elections experts • Source code, specification, and documentation (partially) electoral server box server token, ballot token PIN/ TAN ACK

  10. e-Voting Security • General mechanisms • 4-eyes-principal (of Micromata), system log • Secure data processing service center • Equal vote casting • Continuous hash codes for incoming ballots • General vote casting • Redundant servers • Long voting period • Secret vote casting • Usage of pseudonyms/tokens • Encrypted Communication Problem: Client Security

  11. Conclusion • Criteria catalogue for multi-channel election • Both channels share common problems  Secret / free / personal vote casting • Different problems • Postal voting: Mail delivery rate • E-Voting Client Security Different Channels, Different Problems

  12. Mag. Robert Krimmer Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien robert@krimmer.at www.robert.krimmer.at Dipl. Inf. Melanie Volkamer DFKI Saarbrücken volkamer@dfki.de www.dfki.de Contact

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