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Presented by: Imants Deme Shell Sulphur Solutions ™Shell Canada Energy

Canadian User-Producer Group for Asphalt CUPGA 2007, Sustainability Symposium November 18, 2007. Reducing the size of the “asphalt ecological footprint” with SEAM™ ( Sulphur Extended Asphalt Modifier). Presented by: Imants Deme Shell Sulphur Solutions ™Shell Canada Energy.

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Presented by: Imants Deme Shell Sulphur Solutions ™Shell Canada Energy

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  1. Canadian User-Producer Group for Asphalt CUPGA 2007, Sustainability Symposium November 18, 2007 Reducing the size of the “asphalt ecological footprint” with SEAM™ (Sulphur Extended Asphalt Modifier) Presented by: ImantsDeme Shell Sulphur Solutions ™Shell Canada Energy

  2. Contents • Sulphur-Extended Asphalt history • SEAM™ properties and use • Health, safety and environment • SEAM™ technology (40/60 SEAM/bitumen “semi-rigid” pavements) • - Bitumen reduction • - Road performance properties • - Road design • The green page • Examples of applications

  3. SEAM™ history

  4. 1970s & 80s NOW Historical perspective Pelletized sulphurwith dispersing agent, H2S scavenger & plasticizer: Sulphur-Extended Asphalt Modifier = SEAM Liquid sulphur +High shear mixer No H2S scavenger & no plasticizer

  5. SEAM™ properties and use

  6. SEAM™ Properties • Solid pellet at ambient temperatures (<5 mm) • Easy to add to asphalt hot-mix • Melts quickly in hot-mix • Can be stored on ground or in silos • Additive advantages: - disperses sulphur in bitumen - reduces odour & gas emissions - plastification agent

  7. Health, safety, environment

  8. SEAM Mix Fume Emissions (Six Hour Average) 2 1 ASPHALT HOT-MIX PLANT: H2S & SO2 = 0 AT MIXER AND TRUCK LOADING AREA (SHOWN BY ARROW) ASPHALT PAVER: H2S S02 ABOVE SCREED (1): 0.9 PPM 0 PPM OPERATOR PANEL (2): 0.1 PPM 0.3 PPM AVERAGE LIMIT (2002 TLV): 10 PPM 2 PPM INDUSTRIAL HYGIENIST CONCLUSION: “…NO BREACH OF COMPLIANCE FOR EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE”

  9. Stack emissions not increased Gencor Plant, 300 tph capacity Conclusion: No significant difference in SO2 & H2S emissions and lower hydrocarbon emissions for SEAM mix

  10. Date and conditions Sample No. Code Total VOC ppbv Aug 15: Downwind, 5-m; Asphalt mix produced @ 152 C TO2-1557 DW- No S 214 Aug 15: Upwind, 5-m; Asphalt mix produced @ 152 C TO2-1558 UW- No S 257 Aug 16: Breathing zone; mix with SEAM Produced @ 140 C TO2-1559 BZ-S 98 Aug 16; Downwind, 5m, 450; SEAM mix produced @ 140 C TO2-1560 DW-S 99 VOC reduced by 50% SUMA vacuum canisters used in study

  11. SEAM™ technology • Bitumen reduction • Strength properties • Road design

  12. SEAM / BITUMEN: 25/75 to 30/70 Binder mod. 40/60 Mix Modifier 50/50 Mix Modifier Bitumen saving, % 16 - 20 30 40 Mix Type: FLEXIBLE SEMI-RIGID RIGID Resilient modulus Similar to asphalt mix, mix is “flexible” High mix modulus & strength; low SST plastic strain Very high modulus and very low SST plastic strain Rut resistance 25/75: Same as for asphalt mix; 30/70: more rut resistant 50% less rutting Very rut resistant Hot mix handling Similar to normal asphalt mix Slightly shorter time for mix compaction when surface cools rapidly Significantly less time available for compaction Special equipment requirements (besides SEAM feeder) None None Mass transfer vehicle for remixing at paver (for uniform temp.) Use in road structures Suitable for all road designs Thick & strong road structures, deflection < 1.2mm* Very thick road base structures, deflection < 0.5mm*

  13. SEAM* “PG Performance” based on Marshall SEAM addition to asphalt mix increases Marshall Stability and has the same effect as using modified bitumens which are from 1.8 to 3.6 PG grades higher PG70-22 + SEAM  PMA PMA * In “semi-rigid” mix (40SEAM/60Bitumen)

  14. Marshall Stability: 2-3 PG grade increase 300/400 200/30 150/200 80/100 59 Pen PMB PMB

  15. APA Wheel Rutting (After 8000 wheel passes)

  16. SEAM modulus is less temperature sensitive Temperature, C

  17. Thick SEAM pavements may prolong road life msa = millions standard axles Asphalt or SEAM Pavement thickness +300mm gran. base sub-base sub-base sub-base Predicted road life increases with pavement thickness & SEAM may provide exceptionally longer road lives when used in thick pavements

  18. Restrained Specimen (TSRST) Cooling Test MIX: PG52-34 + SEAM COOLING RATE: -10 C/h

  19. Addition of SEAM to asphalt mix does not change pavement resistance to cracking at low temperatures PG46-34 PG52-34 PG58-28 PG64-22 PG58-28 300/400 200/300 150/200 80/100 80/100 NB: Mix cracking temperature within 2.4 °C of bitumen PG low temperature value

  20. Uses for which SEAM is particularly suited • Heavy duty use: heavy duty pavements, high traffic intersections, bus lanes, truck climbing lanes, truck terminals, airfields, container terminals • Upgrades quality of mixes made with poor aggregates: - Rut resistant mixes from fine-graded (sandy, marginal) aggregates - Aggregate conservation: reduces amount of stone required to be crushed to make angular fines (important in aggregate-scarce areas) - Safeguard against premature rutting for pavement sections which were under-compacted during construction • The combination of high rut resistance, constant stress fatigue resistance (road life) & higher modulus (load spreading), makes SEAM mixes particularly suitable for thick long life “perpetual” pavement designs • Prevents pavement cracking in cold climate areas without compromising resistance to rutting of pavements • Improves performance of mixes made with poor quality (e.g. waxy) bitumens (i.e.resistance to rutting and cracking)

  21. The Green Page – Advantages from SEAM use • Energy Cost Saving (approx. 5 % direct; 11% indirect) - Less bitumen to heat - Lower mix temperature (ie. 1/3 way to “warm” mix) - Lower plant fuel consumption - Significantly lower fuel consumption relative to PMA • Conservation of Hydrocarbon Resources - Conserves fuel & bitumen • Conservation of Aggregate Resources - Permits use of fine-graded (marginal, sandy) aggregates - Stability of sand-asphalt mixes increased significantly • Environment - Reduces VOCs (volatile organic constituents) - Use in roads provides sulphur producers with a sustainable application for unmarketable sulphur - Provides a carbon credit (bitumen reduction/lower energy, etc.)

  22. Summary of SEAM-specific issues • Feeder required for adding SEAM pellets accurately • Strict temperature control is required during SEAM mix processing • SEAM mixes emit more odor, fumes, and eye irritant than conventional asphalt mix during mix placement (NB: SEAM use complies with regulatory exposure requirements) • More difficult to recycle hot

  23. High stress intersection Storage terminal parking lot Vancouver, Canada

  24. Las Vegas, USA SEAM wearing & base course

  25. Port of Oakland, California 300mm SEAM pavement

  26. Yunnan, China Tollway SEAM base course with SMA top course Nantong Port, China storage terminal

  27. Kazakhstan SEAM pavement

  28. Saudi Arabia SEAM test road

  29. Reducing the size of the asphalt ecological footprint

  30. Calgary, Canada – SEAM wearing course

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