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RELIGIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST

Birthplace of Major World Religions All monotheistic and linked by a common ancestor - ABRAHAM Judaism – 2000 BCE Christianity - Birth of Jesus (CE Begins) Islam – 610 CE Koran revealed to Muhammad. RELIGIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST. Unifies the culture Stresses moral behavior Righteousness

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RELIGIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST

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  1. Birthplace of Major World Religions • All monotheistic and linked by a common ancestor - ABRAHAM • Judaism – 2000 BCE • Christianity - Birth of Jesus (CE Begins) • Islam – 610 CE Koran revealed to Muhammad RELIGIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST

  2. Unifies the culture • Stresses moral behavior • Righteousness • Ends destructive practices • Encourages spirituality and self-reflection Monotheism

  3. Belief in one God • God promised Abraham “land and descendants” • “Chosen People” are the descendants of Abraham’s son Isaac • Land of Canaan is modernday Israel • Messiah – will bring peace & unity JUDAISM

  4. Moses led the Hebrew people to the “Promised Land” • Received the 10 Commandments • Torah - Holy Book • The story of creation, escape from Egypt, laws and duties of the Jewish people • Tanakh – Sacred stories and writings of the Jewish people • Talmud – The Law opl Teachings of Judaism

  5. Wailing Wall is all that remains of the temple • Jewish communities keep traditions alive throughout the world • Await the Messiah – who will bring peace & unity The Ancient Temple Jerusalem

  6. Jesus of Nazareth • Son of God • Preached about humility, mercy equality, forgiveness • Crucified by Romans • Apostles spread faith • Salvation for rich and poor CHRISTIANITY

  7. The Trinity • God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit • The Bible • Old Testament – Hebrew Scriptures • New Testament - Life and teachings of Jesus Christians believe

  8. “The blood of the martyrs is the seed of the Christian Church.” Christianity was not destroyed by Roman persecution, but spread to far flung regions of the world.

  9. Allah (God) • Muhammad – The Prophet • Koran - Holy Book • Mosque – Place of worship ISLAM

  10. To pray five times a day To fast during Ramadan To give to the poor To make the hajj To proclaim the belief in the one God THE FIVE PILLARS

  11. The Pilgrimage to Mecca • Saudi Arabia hosts and controls • Also visit the Prophet’s grave in Medina • Ka’abah The Hajj

  12. Covenant with God • Land & People • Abraham – Sarah • Isaac • Abraham – Hagar • Ishmael ABRAHAMLinks Judaism, Islam and Christianity

  13. The Prophet's phrase for Christians&Jews • All Monotheistic • All worship the same God • Muslims regard Jesus Christ as a prophet of Islam who will come on the Day of Judgment • The Prophet accepted the Hebrew and Christian scriptures as the word of God “People of the Book”

  14. Strong emotional ties • People around the world care about the politics of the region • Want stability • Access to the Holy Sites (Jerusalem, Mecca) • Donate money and support causes based in the Mid East Religion Links Believers to the Middle East

  15. Sunni (85%) Leaders chosen from among the people Shi’ite (15%) leaders are descendants of the Prophet Same basic beliefs Shi’ites are the majority in Iran and Iraq Islam Sunni and Shi’ite Split

  16. Belief that one's religious texts are infallible • One’s practice is better or more pure than that of others who follow the same faith. Fundamentalism

  17. Found in all religions • Want to maintain traditional, basic beliefs of their faith • Resist change, modernization Fundamentalism is Growing

  18. Waco Massacre • 1993 siege on headquarters of Branch Davidians • Cult like group led by David Koresh • 76 killed, including 20 children Christian Fundamentalists

  19. Orthodox in their observance • Torah given to Moses by God and must be observed in every detail • In modern Israel “settlers” claim God given rights to land designated for Palestinians Jewish Fundamentalists

  20. Reject Western values Strictly follow the Sharia Law Women play a traditional role in society Muslim Fundamentalists

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