Resource Description and Access Background/Overview

1. Resource Description and AccessBackground/Overview by Dr. Barbara B. Tillett Chief, Cataloging Policy & Support Office Library of Congress May 14, 2008

2. Overview • Changes in technology • Impact on descriptive/access data • book catalogs • card catalogs • OPACs • next generation • Move from individual library to international audience • Move from classes of materials to elements and values (more controlled vocabularies)

3. Bibliographic Universe

4. Influences Anglo-American cataloging tradition Paris Principles ISBD FRBR/FRAD Internet Toronto Conference 1997 IME ICC Web environment collaborations

5. 1841 Anglo-American Tradition 4

6. British Museum 1841(“full and accurate” book catalog) ACOSTA(CHRISTOVAL). Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Burgos, 1578. 4o Another copy. The same. Ital. Venetia, 1585. 4o Another copy. Tractado en loor de las mugetes. Venetia, 1592. 4o ACOSTA(DUARTE NUÑEZ DE). See NUÑEZ.

7. 1941 1841 1876 1889 1891 1904 1908 1949 Anglo-American Tradition 4

8. IFLA’s Influence onCataloguing Codes 1961 – “Paris Principles” 5

9. Anglo-American Tradition 1941 1841 1876 1902 1904 1906 1908 1949 1967 6

10. More of IFLA’s Influence 1969 – ISBDs • International Standard Bibliographic Description • 2007 Consolidated edition edition 7

11. 1988 1998 2002 AACR2 1978 8

12. FRBR IFLA’s Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) User tasks Find Identify Select Obtain Entities, Relationships, Attributes Mandatory elements for a national level bibliographic record 12

13. Entity-Relationship Model Entities Relationships Attributes FRBR relationship Entity 1 Entity 2

14. FRBR Entities Group 1:Products of intellectual & artistic endeavor Work Expression Manifestation Item

15. Group 1 Work FRBR is realized through Expression is embodied in Manifestation recursive is exemplified by one Item many 10

16. Vocabulary “Book” • Door prop (item) • “publication” • at bookstore • any copy • (manifestation)

17. Vocabulary “Book” • Who translated? • (expression) • Who wrote? • (work)

18. Group 1 Entities’ Attributes Work ID Title Date etc. Expression ID Title Form Date Language etc. Manifestation ID Title Statement of responsibility Edition Imprint (place, publisher, date) Form/extent of carrier Terms of availability Mode of access etc. Item ID Provenance Location etc. FRBR

19. Relationship vs. Attribute Created by Work Person Creates

20. FRBR Entities Group 2:Those responsible for the intellectual & artistic content Person Corporate body Family

21. Group 2 Work FRBR Expression Manifestation Item Person is owned by is produced by Family is realized by Corporate Body is created by many

22. FRBR Entities Group 3:Subjects of works Groups 1 & 2 plus Concept Object Event Place

23. Group 3 Work Expression Manifestation Item Person Corporate Body Concept Object Event Place Work has as subject FRBR Family has as subject has as subject many

24. British Museum 1841(“full and accurate” book catalog) ACOSTA(CHRISTOVAL). Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Burgos, 1578. 4o Another copy. The same. Ital. Venetia, 1585. 4o Another copy. Tractado en loor de las mugetes. Venetia, 1592. 4o ACOSTA(DUARTE NUÑEZ DE). See NUÑEZ. 24

25. British Museum 1841(“full and accurate” book catalog) Work 1 Work 2 ACOSTA(CHRISTOVAL). Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Tractado en loor de las mugetes. 25

26. British Museum 1841(“full and accurate” book catalog) Manifestation1 Manifestation 2 ACOSTA(CHRISTOVAL). Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Burgos, 1578. 4o Venetia, 1585. 4o 26

27. British Museum 1841(“full and accurate” book catalog) Item 2 Item 1 ACOSTA(CHRISTOVAL). Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Burgos, 1578. 4o Another copy. 27

28. British Museum 1841(“full and accurate” book catalog) Expression ACOSTA(CHRISTOVAL). Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Burgos, 1578. 4o Another copy. The same.Ital.Venetia, 1585. 4o Another copy. 28

29. British Museum 1841(“full and accurate” book catalog) Manifestation Work 2 Item ACOSTA(CHRISTOVAL). Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas.Burgos, 1578. 4o Another copy. The same.Ital. Venetia, 1585. 4o Another copy. Tractado en loor de las mugetes.Venetia, 1592. 4o 29

30. “FRBR-ized” OPAC Displays Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French. .…..... .

31. “FRBR-ized” OPAC Displays Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French. .…..... . Work

32. “FRBR-ized” OPAC Displays Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French. .…..... . Expression

33. “FRBR-ized” OPAC Displays Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French. .…..... . Manifestation

34. “FRBR-ized” OPAC Displays Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French. .…..... . Item

35. Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD) Bibliographic Entities known by Names and/or Identifiers Controlled Access Points basis for 11

36. 36

37. 37

38. Internet • Catalogs are no longer the end points in isolation • Global access to data • Integrate bibliographic data with wider Internet environment • Share data beyond institutions 38

39. Current Cataloging Environment Web-based Wide range of information carriers wider depth & complexity of content Metadata (bibliographic information) Created by a wider range of personnel in and outside libraries Element-based metadata schemas Dublin Core, ONIX, etc. 39

40. 1997 International Conference on the Principles and Future Development of AACR Toronto, Canada JSC invited worldwide experts Issues leading to RDA Principles Content vs. carrier Logical structure of AACR Seriality Internationalization 14

41. Strategic Plan for RDA2002+ http://www.collectionscanada.ca/jsc/stratplan.html 16

42. GOALS: RDA will be … A new standard for resource description and access Designed for the digitalenvironment Developed as a web-based product Description and access of all resources digital and analog – not just print Resulting records usable in the digital environment (Internet, Web OPACs, etc.) 42

43. RDA will be … “A multinational content standard providing bibliographic description and access for the variety of media and formats collected by libraries today” Developed for English language environment; Can also be used in other language communities 43

44. Content vs. Display RDA will be a content standard --not a display or encoding standard Independent of the communication format (e.g., MARC 21, MODS) Independent of display format (e.g., OPAC labels, ISBD) RDA Appendix for ISBD and MARC mapping 44

45. Foundations Support FRBR user tasks Find, identify, select, obtain FRAD user tasks Find, identify, contextualize, justify IME ICC statements 45

46. General Principles (IME ICC) Convenience of user Representation Common usage Accuracy Sufficiency and necessity Significance Economy • Consistency and Standardization • Integration • Defensible, not arbitrary • If contradict, take a defensible, practical solution. 46

47. Transcription – Principle of Representation “Take what you see” Correction of inaccuracies elsewhere No more abbreviating Accept what you get Facilitating automated data capture 47

48. Who develops and supports RDA? Committee of Principals AACR Fund Trustees/ Publishers Joint Steering Committee ALA CC:DA ACOC BL CCC CILIP LC 15

49. JSC and Project Management Team Hugh Taylor, CILIP Alan Danskin, BL Tom Delsey, RDA editor Barbara Tillett, LC John Attig, ALA Marg Stewart, CCC Marjorie Bloss, RDA project manager Deirdre Kiorgaard, ACOC, JSC Chair Nathalie Schulz, JSC Secretary

50. Collaborations with other Metadata Communities ONIX (Publishers) RDA, Dublin Core, IEEE/LOM, Semantic Web “Data Modeling Meeting” - London 2007 RDA/MARC Working Group (MARBI) 50