Smt. K. B. Parekh College of Comp. Science

1. Smt. K. B. Parekh College of Comp. Science Area Under Discussion: Internet Technology & Java Primed by: Laukik H. Gondalia Assisted by: Miss. Hemangi Doshi

2. Index • Internet Intranet, Extranet • Internet Applications • E-mail Protocols • Introduction to TCP/IP, DNS, MIME types • Search Engines

3. Introduction to Subject • Internet technology and Java is meant for the student’s development in the field of Internet. • It assist you in getting information about how you can connect to the world of Internet by providing you with its use and applications • It also provides the necessary knowledge about various components and mechanism used in developing the internet.

4. What is Internet?

5. A worldwide system of interconnected networks and computers is known as internet. • The Internet use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. • Most traditional communications media including telephone, music, film, and television are being reshaped or redefined by the Internet.

6. It is a hardware and software infrastructure that provides connectivity between computers. Internet

7. What is Intranet?

8. An intranet is a private computer network that uses Internet Protocol technologies to securely share any part of an organization's information or operational systems within that organization. • The term is used in contrast to internet, a network between organizations, and instead refers to a network within an organization

9. Uses of Intranet

10. Intranets are also being used as corporate culture-change platforms. For example, large numbers of employees discussing key issues in an intranet forum application could lead to new ideas in management, productivity, quality, and other corporate issues. • Intranets are being used to deliver tools and applications, e.g., collaboration (to facilitate working in groups and teleconferencing) or difficult corporate directories

11. Benefits of Intranet • Workforce productivity: Intranets can help users to locate and view information faster and use applications relevant to their roles and responsibilities. • Time: Intranets allow organizations to distribute information to employees on an as-needed basis. • Communication: Intranets can serve as powerful tools for communication within an organization.

12. Cost-effective: Users can view information and data via web-browser rather than maintaining physical documents such as procedure manuals, internal phone list and requisition forms. • Enhance collaboration: Information is easily accessible by all authorized users, which enables teamwork. • Cross-platform capability: Standards-compliant web browsers are available for Windows, Mac, and UNIX.

13. What is Extranet?

14. An extranet is a computer network that allows controlled access from the outside, for specific business or educational purposes. An extranet can be viewed as a public network. • A Web site for customers rather than the general public. • It can provide access to research, current inventories and internal databases, virtually any information that is private and not published for everyone. • An extranet uses the public Internet as its transmission system, but requires passwords to gain entrance. • Access to the site may be free or require payment for some or all of the services offered.

15. Merits & Demerits of Extranet Advantages • Exchange large volumes of data • Share product catalogs exclusively with trade partners • Collaborate with other companies on joint development efforts Disadvantages • Extranets can be expensive to implement and maintain within an organization. • Security of extranets can be a concern when hosting valuable or proprietary information.

16. Internet Applications

17. WWW • E-mail • FTP • IRC • Web chat • Newsgroup • Usenet • BBS • Net Meeting • Video Conferencing

18. WWW (World wide web)

19. The World Wide Web, abbreviated as WWW and commonly known as the Web, is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. • The WWW is a network of computers all over the world. The WWW is most often called the Web. • The computers on the Web communicate using standard protocols and languages. • The W3C (The World Wide Web Consortium) are making the rules and standards for the Web. • With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them via hyperlinks.

20. E-mail

21. Electronic mail, commonly called email or e-mail, is a method of exchanging digital messages across the Internet or other computer networks. • Originally, email was transmitted directly from one user to another computer. This required both computers to be online at the same time, a la instant messaging. • Today's email systems are based on a store-and-forward model. Email servers accept, forward, deliver and store messages. Users no longer need be online simultaneously and need only connect briefly.

22. Email Delivery Method

23. FTP

24. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to copy a file from one host to another over a TCP/IP-based network, such as the Internet. • FTP is built on a client-server architecture and utilizes separate control and data connections between the client and server. • FTP users may authenticate themselves using a clear-text sign-in protocol but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it.

25. IRC (Internet relay chat)

26. CUI based IRC

27. GUI based IRC IRC with webcam IRC without webcam

28. Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a form of real-time Internet text messaging (chat) or synchronous conferencing. • It is mainly designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-to-one communication via private message as well as chat and data transfers via Direct Client-to-Client. • An Internet system that enables users to take part in on-line discussions.

29. History of IRC • IRC was created by Jarkko Oikarinen in August 1988 to replace a program called MUT (Multi User Talk) on a BBS called Oulu Box in Finland. • Oikarinen found inspiration in a chat system known as Bitnet Relay, which operated on the BITNET.

30. Web Chat

31. A web chat is a system that allow users to communicate in real time using easily accessible web interfaces. • It is a type of internet online chat distinguished by its simplicity and accessibility to users who do not wish to take the time to install and learn to use specialized chat software. • This trait allows users instantaneous access and only a web browser is required to chat.

32. Newsgroup

33. A newsgroup is a warehouse usually within the Usenet system, for messages posted from many users in different locations. • The term may be confusing to some, because it is usually a discussion group. Newsgroups are technically distinct from, but functionally similar to, discussion forums on the World Wide Web. • Despite the advent of file-sharing technologies such as BitTorrent, as well as the increased use of blogs, formal discussion forums, and social networking sites, coupled with a growing number of service providers blocking access to Usenet (see main article), newsgroups continue to be widely used. • Newsreader software is used to read newsgroups.

34. Newsgroup Software

35. Types of Newsgroup • The newsgroup is focused on a particular topic of interest. • Some newsgroups allow the posting of messages on a wide variety of themes, regarding anything a member chooses to discuss as on-topic, while others keep more strictly to their particular subject, frowning on off-topic postings. • The news admin (the administrator of a news server) decides how long articles are kept on his server before being expired (deleted)

36. Usenet

37. Usenet is a worldwide distributed Internet discussion system. It developed from the general purpose UUCP (Unix to Unix Copy)architecture of the same name. • Duke University graduate students Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis conceived the idea in 1979 and it was established in 1980. • Users uploads and downloads letters, documents (called articles or posts, and collectively termed news).

38. BBS

39. BBS stands for Bulletin Board System. • A Bulletin Board System, or BBS, is a computer system running software that allows users to connect and log in to the system using a terminal program. • Once logged in, a user can perform functions such as uploading and downloading software and data, reading news and bulletins, and exchanging messages with other users, either through electronic mail or in public message boards.

40. Many BBSes also offer on-line games, in which users can compete with each other, and BBSes with multiple phone lines often provide chat rooms, allowing users to interact with each other. • In recent years, BBS is also indicated as Bulletin Board Service

41. Net Meeting

42. Net meeting is a conferencing client developed by Microsoft that allows users to interact in real time over the internet. Most people call it a "video conferencing client“. • It includes: • A Chat client, similar to AOL Instant Messenger • An Audio and Video conferencing client • A Whiteboard, which is a shared drawing space where people can collaborate in real time. • Application Sharing, where you can choose to share an application you are running with others in your conference. Note here that while other users will need to have Net meeting installed, they do not need to have a copy of the application you are sharing installed. • A file transfer application for sending files

43. Video Conference

44. A videoconference or video conference (also known as a videoteleconference) is a set of interactive telecommunication technologies which allow two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously. • It has also been called 'visual collaboration' and is a type of groupware. • Videoconferencing differs from videophone calls • It is an intermediate form of video telephony, first deployed commercially by AT&T during the early 1970s using their Picturephone technology.

45. E-mail Protocols

46. There are various types of E-mail protocols. They are as follows: • SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol • POP3 (Post Office Protocol) • IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) • MAPI (Messaging Application Programming Interface)

47. SMTP Protocol

48. SMTP is a text-based protocol, in which a mail sender communicates with a mail receiver by issuing command strings and supplying necessary data over a reliable ordered data stream channel i.e.(TCP) connection. • An SMTP session consists of commands originated by an SMTP client (sender) and corresponding responses from the SMTP server (receiver).

49. A session may include zero or more SMTP transactions. An SMTP transaction consists of three command/reply sequences. They are: • MAIL command, to establish the return address, a.k.a. Return-Path • RCPT command, to establish a recipient of this message. • DATA to send the message text.

50. POP Protocol