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Advancements in Semantic Roles: An ISO Perspective from the January 2011 Meeting

This document summarizes the proceedings of the ISO working group on Semantic Roles, held in January 2011 in Oxford. It discusses the definition of semantic roles, exemplified by various linguistic structures and the framework's goals of ensuring clarity, generalizability, and interoperability across languages. Key figures including Martha Palmer, Harry Bunt, and James Pustejovsky contributed to the discussion on creating a coherent annotation scheme for semantic roles, promoting better data annotation practices, and enhancing cross-linguistic compatibility. The report also outlines the next steps for future collaboration.

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Advancements in Semantic Roles: An ISO Perspective from the January 2011 Meeting

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  1. ISO – Semantic Roles, TC37, SC4 Martha Palmer, Harry Bunt, Nianwen Xue, Katrin Erk, Colin Baker, Karin Kipper, VolhaPetukhova, James Pustejovsky ISA-6 Meeting January 12, 2011 Oxford, England

  2. What are semantic roles? • “Who did What to Whom, and How, When and Where?” • The sun melted the ice/The ice melted. • The soprano sang an aria/The soprano sang.

  3. Desiderata for Semantic Roles • Consistently recognizable • Clarify sense distinctions • Generalizability • Learnable • Potential for inferencing

  4. ISO-SR Goal: A consensual annotation scheme for Semantic Roles • Semantic role frameworks being used to support data annotation have strong underlying compatibilities. • A loose mapping between definitions of individual semantic roles would be beneficial • English examples: • LIRICS, FrameNet, Verbnet, PropBank

  5. Objectives • Language neutral semantic representations • The promotion of interoperability through a pivot representation for mapping between • Alternative semantic role representations • Syntactic theories • Eventually different languages • Guidelines for creating immediately interoperable new resources for languages

  6. At least two applicable situations • Annotations where the SRs are statically recorded in annotated corpora; • As a dynamic structure produced by automatic systems.

  7. The associated working group • Core Editorial Group (+ students): • Martha Palmer (USA), Collin Baker (USA), Harry Bunt (Holland), Katrin Erk (USA, Germany), Karin Kipper Schuler (USA), James Pustejovsky (USA), Nianwen Xue (USA, China), VolhaPetukhova, • Expert Group (above, plus): • Kiyong Lee (South Korea), Thierry Declerck (Germany), NicolettaCalzolari (Italy), ZdenkaUroseva (the Czech Republic), Dan Flickinger (USA)

  8. Defining background concepts • Arguments/adjuncts Nianwen Xue • Semantic roles w/examples Martha Palmer • Semantic types, Martha Palmer • Entailments/Implicatures Katrin Erk • Aspect & event types James Pustejovsky • Word sense Martha Palmer

  9. Review the following frameworks • PropBank • VerbNet • FrameNet • LIRICS • SemLink, • maps individual lexical units from these frameworks as well as WordNet (1 to many)

  10. Will develop during the report writing • Guidelines for distinguishing between thematic roles • A more detailed thematic role hierarchy • Based on LIRICS • A means of mapping the resources • Similar to the sense hierarchy

  11. Thematic Role Hierarchy • PropBank Roles coarse grained distinctions • VerbNet/LIRICS roles • FrameNet Frame Elements

  12. Include Discussion of Relations between • Semantic Roles and Word Sense • Semantic roles and Semantic types (selectional preferences) • Aspectual types • Verb Class/Frame hierarchies • Complexities • Fuzzy boundaries between different roles • Etc.

  13. Next Step • Restructuring of draft report based on Harry’s feedback

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