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Phylum Platyhelminthes

Phylum Platyhelminthes. Parasitic Flatworms (Flukes & Tapeworms). II. Class Trematoda Endoparasitic flukes - inside host Wide , flat with oval or elongate bodies Have 2-3 hosts :

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Phylum Platyhelminthes

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  1. Phylum Platyhelminthes Parasitic Flatworms (Flukes & Tapeworms)

  2. II. Class Trematoda • Endoparasitic flukes- inside host • Wide, flat with oval or elongate bodies • Have 2-3 hosts: • Almost all adult flukes are parasites of vertebrates (fish, frogs, turtles, domestic animals, and humans) • Body parts are similar to planarians.

  3. Chinese Liver Fluke- • a. Common parasite of humansin Orient. • b. Lives in the liver where it eats tissue & blood. • c. Contracted by eating uncooked contaminated fish (sushi) Signs and Symptoms: enlarged liver Which causes: liver failure, feeling of fullness, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, fatigue, weakness, nausea, and weight loss.

  4. Sheep Liver Fluke- • a. Common parasite in areas where people raise sheep. Can also infect other livestock. Signs and Symptoms: Fasciolosis Humans: fever (usually first symptom), Abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea, respiratory problems, chest pains, anemia, jaundice Animals: there can be four different types; Type I, Type II, Subacute, and Chronic. These are based on the number of ingested metacercariae with Type I being the most (more than 5000 ingested). Sudden death, weakness, anemia, weight loss, etc.

  5. Blood Flukes- Schistosomes • a. Blood flukes common in Africa, Asia, S. America • b. Cause disease known as Schistosomiasis or bilharzia • c. Heavy infestation may cause fever, chills, lymph node enlargement, and liver and spleen enlargement, frequent urination, blood in urine and in stool. Invasion in skin may cause rash (swimmer’s itch).

  6. Fluke Life Cycle http://www.goatbiology.com/animations/fasciola.html (common fluke life cycle)

  7. III. Class Cestoda • Endoparasitic tapeworms: inside host • Long, flat ribbon-like bodies • White w/shades of yellow or gray • Size: 1mm to 15 m in length (up to 60 ft)

  8. Body a. Scolex- head-like structure; hooks & suckers for attachment (not feeding) b. Neck- contains immature proglottids- series of repeating units of reproductive organs. c. Strobila- rest of body; mature and gravid (pregnant with eggs) proglottids

  9. 6. Digestion a. No mouth or digestive tract. b. Absorb nutrients directly across their body wall.

  10. Forms a “bladder worm” in muscle tissue http://www.goatbiology.com/animations/moniezia.html

  11. Economic/Environmental Significance • Flukes/Tapeworms • 1. Parasites of man- kill many • 2. Cause disease in many countries (article)

  12. DAILY QUIZ #2 • The body of a tapeworm is called the a. Scolex b. Proglottid c. strobila • Tapeworms feed with a pharynx. a. True b. false • Which of the following is a host of the liver fluke? a. Snail b. Mosquito c. tapeworm • The intermediate host of a tapeworm is a. Mosquito b. Snail c. pig • The encysted larval form a tapeworm is called a. Zooid b. Bladderworm c. Muscle worm

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