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ICT for Environmental Sustainability Research

ICT for Environmental Sustainability Research. Environmental Meta-models: The ICT-ENSURE Project. Albrecht Gnauck. Werner Pillmann. Lehrstuhl Ökosysteme und Umweltinformatik. ISEP International Society for Environmental Protection. Contents. Introduction The need for meta-models

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ICT for Environmental Sustainability Research

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  1. ICT for Environmental Sustainability Research Environmental Meta-models:The ICT-ENSURE Project Albrecht Gnauck Werner Pillmann Lehrstuhl Ökosystemeund Umweltinformatik ISEP International Society for Environmental Protection

  2. Contents Introduction The need for meta-models Thematic modelling Conclusions

  3. Introduction Environmental information is available for all imaginable areas in all conceivable variants and details in an overwhelming amount. Today, there exists no standardizedstructure, whereenvironmental information is organized in an uniform manner. ICT-ENSURE follows the idea to maintain a broad view to the environment and proposes a conceptual meta-model used as an organising principle for access to environmental information.

  4. Introduction A new use of simulation models is their application as communication tools. When the behaviour of a water resources system cannot be reconstructed and predicted from known dynamics, it is still possible to represent the relevant observations in a communication model. In this approach, interactive simulation is regarded as a more powerful communication system of water resources systems than algorithmic computation.

  5. Introduction

  6. The need for meta-models

  7. Examples for model applications ICT-ENSURE covers the following parts: Air quality Water quality and quantity Industrial ecology Market dynamics Ecosystemservices & Biodiversity

  8. The need for meta-models Traditionally, environmental process and systems models are developed as point models (1D models) like soil-plant-atmosphere models (e. g. CERES (Ritchie & Godwin 1993, HERMES (Kersebaum 1995) or AGROSIM (Mirschel, Schultz & Wenkel 2001)). For water resources systems only a few models are developed for 2D- and 3D cases, mostly for water quantity and fluid dynamic processes but not for water quality.

  9. The need for meta-models At a regional scale it is difficult to provide all information for all spatial nodes. The available information is usually characterised by significant fuzziness and heterogeneity. Processes in water resources systems as well as sociological, economical and political processes are related to different spatial and temporal scales.

  10. The need for meta-models The recent concerns of climate change provide additional items to the mix of problems faced on a regional scale. These problems provoke alltogether even more urgent requirements for reliable decision making instruments and policy support.

  11. The need for meta-models - Questions How is it possible to reduce the complexity of processes in water resources systems? How much details of process dynamics should be incorporated in regional and global models still capturing the most important feddback loops in water resources systems? How is it possible to find a compromise between short-term and long-term processes adequately in dynamic management models?

  12. The need for meta-models - Questions How is it possible to bring together conceptually different environmental and economic models? Which spatial and temporal resolution is required to appropriately capture processes with regional and/or global significance? How is it possible to include spatial environmental heterogeneity and ist influences on environmental functions in socio-economic models?

  13. General model view Sectors in environmental sustainability Air and climate Water Soil Transportation Waste Degradation Critical areas dealing with hazardous substances Disasters Risks

  14. A concept of a meta-modelfor ICT-ENSURE 1) Analysis of knowledge and monitoring of the natural environment. 2) Arrangement of information in ICT. 3) Communication and distribution of information. 4) Design of influences on socio-political processes. 5) Changes of human activities caused by environmental responses.

  15. A meta-model for air quality management

  16. Air quality management Emission inventory report 1990-2007 CAFE (Clean air for Europe) EMEP/EEA Air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2009 European topic centre on air and climate change ETC/ACC 2010 RAINS simulation model Satellite air quality observations in GMES (GENESIS Air quality state of the art document) GEOSS infrastructure

  17. A generic air quality information concept Major blocks are Community needs (public information, environmental reporting, governmental and legal support) Monitoring of air quality (emissions, transmissions, immissions) MEANS (measurements and needs: infrastructure (e. g. ORCHESTRA, SANY)

  18. Contribution to SISE

  19. Water resources management and water uses

  20. Water resources management and water uses The management of natural water resources involves engineering issues and features but also administrative actions, institutional procedures and many social actors. The main objective of an efficient, innovative and sustainable water resources management is to satisfy all water demands under consideration of given possibilities and restrictions of water supply.

  21. A meta-model for water resources management To realise water resources management options, social, economic and institutional and/or administrative issues have to be considered besides natural scientific and engineering components as well as developments of information and computer technologies. Examples are developments in sensor technology, new monitoring strategies, data warehouse techniques, and new simulation procedures.

  22. A meta-model for water resources management

  23. A meta-model for water resources management Water bodies Water uses Water loadings Coupling atmosphere and water Data capture Data fusion and data storage Decison support systems Development of political and economical instruments The water-society system The system of water users

  24. A meta-model for water resources management To cover all these different aspects the use of modern information technologies is necessary to build up an integrated information space. Taken a pattern from Confucius (5th century BC), the essence of information is, once having it, to apply it.

  25. A water related systems diagram

  26. Reporting service infrastructure for WFD implementation

  27. WasserBLIcK Platform for the management of WFD-related spatial data A WebServer based on the Web CMS WebGenesis of Fraunhofer IOSB and a dedicated user access control A spatial data management system and a map server conform to the specifications of OGC

  28. ICT and the concept of DPSIR

  29. ICT and the concept of DPSIR The DPSIR framework as a meta-model characterises water resources management on a thematic level. It supports the interlinks between external driving forces, pressures on the environment, changing states of the environment, impacts on ecosystems economy and populations, and responses of the society.

  30. Industrial ecology

  31. ICT and Industrial ecology

  32. Generic approach to a system model Describing the behaviour of companies and external stakeholders Describing their dynamics Embedded in the spheres market, politics and public Structure of the generic approach: Market Legislation & Politics General Public Natural environment IT aspects

  33. Industrial ecology

  34. Economy and market dynamics

  35. A meta-model for economy/market dynamics

  36. Ecosystem services and biodiversity

  37. Ecosystem services and biodiversity

  38. General conclusions The reviewed sectors show large differences in the reflected types of information as well as in structuring information. Several approaches are complete in the sense of representing all relevant aspects of composed meta-model. The proposed meta-model is adequately representingthe main characteristicsof the particular modelling exercises.

  39. Conclusions for water management The task of water resources management is to optimise water usage taking into account the requirements of ecology, society and economy. Frameworks of water resources management should encompass both the thematic level and the ICT level. Meta-models are important tools to reduce the complexity of integrated water resources management systems.

  40. Thanks for your attention Contact: umeltinformatik@tu-cottbus.de, pillmann@isep.at The authors wish to express their gratitude to the European Commission DG INFSO for fostering this contribution within the contract ICT-ENSURE (European ICT for Environmental Sustainability Research), a project under the grant agreement number 224017 of the European Commission's FP7.

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