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The Pope and the Papacy

The Pope and the Papacy. The Pope, Also Known As…. Leader of the Roman Catholic Church 1 billion baptized members as of 2001 Head of State of Vatican City Papa Vicar of Christ Holy Father Bishop of Rome His Holiness (reference) Your Holiness (spoken) Servant of the Servant of God

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The Pope and the Papacy

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  1. The Pope and the Papacy

  2. The Pope, Also Known As… • Leader of the Roman Catholic Church • 1 billion baptized members as of 2001 • Head of State of Vatican City • Papa • Vicar of Christ • Holy Father • Bishop of Rome • His Holiness (reference) • Your Holiness (spoken) • Servant of the Servant of God • Supreme Pontiff

  3. History • Jesus selected Simon Peter to lead the Church “And so I say to you, you are Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of the netherworld shall not prevail against it. I will give you the keys to the kingdom of heaven. Whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven; and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven." (Matthew 16: 18-19) • Petrine guarantee • Inscribed in Latin around the dome of St. Peter’s Cathedral

  4. History continued • Peter as the shepherd: John 21: 15-17 • Peter was killed by Emperor Nero • Martyr • Buried on Vatican Hill, location of St. Peter’s Cathedral • Never named the bishop of Rome or the pope

  5. The Pope • Successor of St. Peter • Reigns until death or retirement • Last resignation in 1409, Pope Gregory XII • Papal Infallibility • The pope can not make mistakes when it comes to faith and morality • Comes from God, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit • Responsibilities • Supreme teacher and leader • Bishop of Rome • Priest • Beatifications and canonizations • Appoints bishops and cardinals • Writes official documents • Vatican Head of State • Spread the Word of God and the Kingdom of God

  6. The Death of a Pope • Cardinal Carmerlengo, the Vatican’s Secretary of State, assumes power • Calls the pope’s name three times without response • Authorizes the death certificate • Closes and locks the pope’s private apartment in the Vatican • Removes the Ring of the Fisherman • Organizes and presides over the papal enclave

  7. The Death of a Pope, continued • The papal ring (Fisherman’s ring) is destroyed • The pope’s body lies in repose for nine days • Cardinals perform the funeral rites • The pope’s body in placed in a coffin that is placed in another coffin and in another coffin • Cypress, elm or oak, and lead • Buried in the tombs under St. Peter’s Basilica

  8. The Election of a New Pope • Death or resignation • College of Cardinals • Maximum of 120 electors • Can not be over the age of 80 at the time of the death or resignation • Papal Conclave • Conclave: Latin, cum clavis, means “with key” • Sequestered • Sistine Chapel in the Apostolic Palace • Stay in St. Martha’s House at the Vatican • Begins between 15 and 20 days after the death or resignation

  9. The Election continued • Two votes in the morning, two votes in the afternoon • Eligo in Summum Pontificem, “I elect as supreme pontiff” • Three scrutineers count the ballots • 2/3 majority vote • Can be a regular majority vote after 12/13 days • Votes and notes are burned • With a chemical - black smoke, fumata nera – no pope • White smoke, fumata bianca – a pope has been elected

  10. The New Pope • Is asked by the Cardinal Dean: • Do you accept your canonical election as Supreme Pontiff? • If he says yes, he is certified and immediately becomes the Bishop of Rome • By what name do you wish to be called? • Dates back to 533 with the election of Mercurius • Chose to change his name from a variation of the Roman god, Mercury, to honor a previous pope, Pope John II • Symbolizes new life • Honors a Saint or previous pope

  11. Door of Tears – dressing room • Given white papal vestments – small, medium, large • Announcement by senior cardinal on the balcony over St. Peter’s Square • Habemus Papam! We have a pope! • Announces his Christian name and Papal name • The new pope addresses the world and gives an Apostolic Blessing from the balcony

  12. Facts • 266 popes • Current: Benedict XVI, 2005 • http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12272b.htm • 59 popes have been canonized • Longest reign: Pius IX (31 years, 7 months, 23 days) • Shortest reign: Urban VII (13 days) • Youngest popes: Pope Benedict IX (between ages 11 and 20), Pope John XII (age 18) • Oldest pope elected: Pope Clement X (1670), 79 years and 290 days • Oldest pope at death: Pope Leo XIII (1878), 93 years, 140 days • 217 popes from Italy

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