Revision on Hitler’s foreign policy

1. Revision on Hitler’s foreign policy 1a What is the cartoonist’s message? 1b Explain …………...

2. p.82-3 Hitler’s aims in foreign policy • 1a. What is the cartoonist’s message? • Message – content – context v.a. • 1b. Explain Hitler’s foreign policy aims. • 2-3 P,E,E

3. Ans • 1a) message – Germany should be allowed to rearm – content – size of other armies by comparison with Germany’s – context – Germany had been limited to an army of 100,000 men in the TOV but all attempts to persuade other nations had failed • 1b) reverse TOV – e.g. rearm, get back DMZ; Grosssdeutschland – Austria, Sudetenland, West Prussia; Lebensraum – Poland and USSR

4. p.91 The policy of appeasement • 1a) What is the cartoonist’s message? • Message – content – context v.a. • 1.b) Explain why Britain followed a policy of appeasement. • 2-3 P,E,E

5. Ans • 1a) Message – Hitler will take advantage of the policy of appeasement to achieve his aims; content – Hitler walking over the ‘spineless (cowardly) leaders of democracy’; context v.a. – in March 1936, Hitler took a gamble to march into the Rhineland, unopposed by GB and Fr. • 1b) sympathy for Germany; avoid further war; Germany as buffer zone against USSR; faith in ability of LON; needed time to rearm

6. p.85 The Rhineland • 1a) What is the cartoonist’s message? • Message- content – context v.a. • 1b) Explain why Hitler remilitarised the Rhineland in 1936. • 2-3 P,E,E

7. Ans • 1a) Message – Letting Hitler invade the Rhineland is a step to war not peace; content – ‘silly goose’ with olive branch in its beak BUT heavily laden with armaments; context – British and French saw invasion of DMZ as justifiable act but cartoonist predicts Hitler will go further … • 1b) To overthrow military restrictions of TOV; to test the British and French reaction; to secure his western border so that he could follow his ambitions in the east

8. p.86 Austria • 1a) What is the cartoonist’s message? • Message – content – context • 1b) Explain why Hitler wanted to take over Austria. • 2-3 P,E,E

9. Ans • 1a) Message – Hitler has been able to take over Austria because Mussolini has turned a blind eye; content – ‘alright Adolf I never heard a shot’ ; context – Mussolini had prevented attempt in 1934 but not in 1938, when Hitler invaded unopposed • 1b) Austria his homeland; German speaking – part of grossDeutschland; resources; strategic value

10. p.96 The Sudetenland • 1a. What is the cartoonist’s message? • Message – content – context v.a. • 1b. Explain why Hitler was able to take over the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia in October 1938? • 2-3 P,E,E

11. Ans • 1a) Message: There will be a war shortly, not peace; Content – countries (babies) disappearing into Hitler’s bag – Austria, Czechoslovakia; context v.a. – Munich Agreement – Hitler claimed that the Sudetenland was his ‘last territorial demand in Europe’ but Low does not believe this • 1b) Sudeten Germans wanted to become part of Germany and stirred up trouble; Cz, though a fortified country, could not resist alone; Britain and France eager to appease Hitler – Munich Conference and Agreement

12. The Nazi-Soviet Pact • 1a) What is the cartoonist’s message? • Message – content – context v.a. • 2. Explain why the Nazi-Soviet Pact of August 1939 led to war in September 1939. • 2-3 P,E,E

13. Ans • 1a) Message - The alliance between Germany and the USSR is an uneasy one and won’t last; content – three legged race, guns; Context va – USSR had distrusted Hitler and only allied with him because GB and France would not ally with USSR. Hitler hated communist USSR and made NSP only so that he could invade Poland. • 1b) Nazi-Soviet Pact enabled Hitler to invade Poland on 1 Sept without interference from USSR (explain its terms); war broke out because of Polish Guarantee (explain it) – to Hitler’s surprise, Britain and France honoured their promise to Poland and declared war.