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Understanding Plant Modelling: Key Stages and Growth Factors

Explore the essential phases in plant development such as sowing, flowering, and maturity, influenced by thermal time, photoperiod, and vernalisation. Learn about factors affecting photosynthesis, growth potential, biomass production, and stress responses in crops.

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Understanding Plant Modelling: Key Stages and Growth Factors

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  1. Introduction to plant modelling

  2. Phenology Most important stages: Sowing, Flowering & Maturity. Each phase develops through cumulative thermal time, can include photoperiod & vernalisation responses.

  3. Photosynthesis Potential Growth= f(cover, radiation, rue) ∆DM = RUE x radn x cover RUE = f(water, N, P, T, CO2) cover = 1 - e-k x LAI (Beer-Lambert law) RUE – radiation use efficiency. (grams biomass / MJ) K – extinction coefficient; crop specific, affected by row spacing. Water limited growth = sw supply * TEC / VPD TEC = Transpiration efficiency coefficient. Actual growth = minimum of potential and water limited growth.

  4. Biomass production • Partitioning to leaf, stem, ear/pod and root is stage dependant. • Grain filling takes priority during reproductive growth. • Sink size is determined by one of • Harvest Index, • Grain number/size • Grain cohorts (ears).

  5. Stress affects different processes in different ways • SW: • Reduced availability slows dm production • FX photosynthesis & phenology via supply:demand ratio • FX leaf-expansion & nitrogen fixation via fr_asw • N • Reduction of RUE • Grain N content • Phenological development • Frost, Age • Leaf senescence

  6. N fixation ‘Magic’ supply of N to maintain concentration in all plant organs Extra N in the system comes from roots & surface residues that are returned at maturity

  7. Root development Constant (~20mm/day) in wet soil layers, slows down as layer dries Can be further delayed by XF

  8. Why does my crop die? • Look in the summary file: • Was it ever sown? At the right time? • Did it get a reasonable peak LAI? • Did it encounter stress?

  9. Why does my crop die? • Look in the summary file: • Was it ever sown? At the right time? • Did it get a reasonable peak LAI? • Did it encounter stress?

  10. Why does my crop die? • Look in the summary file: • Was it ever sown? At the right time? • Did it get a reasonable peak LAI? • Did it encounter stress?

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