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Photosynthesis

This lesson explains the process of photosynthesis, where plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce food in the form of sugar, or starch. It also highlights the importance of leaves in carrying out photosynthesis and the role of guard cells in opening and closing stomata.

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Photosynthesis

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  1. Photosynthesis Chapter 1 Lesson 3 Ms. Schiavone

  2. In this lesson, we will: • Demonstrate how all living things rely on the process of photosynthesis to obtain energy. (GLE 0507.3.1)

  3. What is Photosynthesis? • All living things need energy to survive. • Animals eat food to get energy. • Plants make their own food. • Where do plants get energy to makefood? • The SUN

  4. What is Photosynthesis? • Plants use the energy from the sun to make their own food through a process called photosynthesis. • Photosynthesis occurs in cells that have chloroplasts. • We know that plantcells contain chloroplasts. Chloroplast: Food-Making Factory

  5. What is Photosynthesis? Photosynthesis Sunlight + Water + Carbon Dioxide + Chlorophyll = Food and oxygen The food is in the form of sugar, or starch.

  6. What is Photosynthesis? Photosynthesis Sunlight Water Carbon Dioxide Chlorophyll _______________________________ Food and oxygen The food is in the form of sugar, or starch.

  7. What is Photosynthesis? • Energy for photosynthesis comes from the sun. • Sugars made by the leaf go into the leaf’s veins and then to all parts of the plant. • The oxygen made by the plant is released into the air.

  8. Listening Quiz • Every living thing needs ______ to survive. • Plants • Energy • Chloroplasts • Oxygen

  9. Listening Quiz 2. Plants get energy to make food from _________ . • Sunlight • water • Chloroplasts • chlorophyll

  10. Listening Quiz 3. _______ make their own food. • Plants • Animals

  11. Listening Quiz 4. _______ are the food-making factories of plants. • Sunlight • water • Chloroplasts • chlorophyll

  12. Listening Quiz 5. Photosynthesis occurs in cells that have ______________. • Sunlight • water • Chloroplasts • chlorophyll

  13. Listening Quiz 6. Sunlight, ________, and water are needed to perform photosynthesis. • Sunlight • water • Oxygen • Carbon dioxide

  14. Listening Quiz 7. _________ is a waste product produced from photosynthesis. • Sunlight • water • Oxygen • Carbon dioxide

  15. Listening Quiz 8. Plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide along with chlorophyll to produce food, otherwise known as _________. • Sugar • Carbon dioxide • Photosynthesis • Oxygen

  16. Listening Quiz 9. The process by which plants make their own food is called ________. • Sugar • Carbon dioxide • Energy • Photosynthesis

  17. Listening Quiz 10. The _____ produced during photosynthesis go into the leaf’s veins and then to all parts of the plant. • Sugars • Carbon dioxide • Energy • Photosynthesis

  18. What do leaves do? • The leaves of a plant carry on photosynthesis. • The roots absorb water and carry it up to the leaves through the xylem.

  19. What do leaves do? • The carbondioxide plants need for photosynthesis enters the plant from the air through tiny holes in the bottom of the leaf called stomata. • A single hole is called a stoma.

  20. What do leaves do? • The job of opening and closing the stomata is done by guardcells located on each side of the stoma. • The guard cells open and close the stomata in response to the amount of water and light the plant receives. • When a plant has too little water, guard cells will close the stomata to preserve water. • When a plant has plenty of water, guard cells will swell and open stomata, allowing water and air to leave the plant.

  21. What do leaves do? • The epidermis is the outermost part of the leaf. • The top of the leaf surface has a waxy cuticle, a waterproof layer that prevents moisture from evaporating.

  22. What do leaves do? • Sugars that are produced during photosynthesis are transported to the rest of the plant through a type of tissue called phloem.

  23. What do leaves do? • Scientists express what happens during photosynthesis with the following chemicalequation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2 food

  24. Listening Quiz 1. After plant’s roots absorb water, it is carried up to the leaves through the ______. • Phloem • Xylem • Stomata • Epidermis

  25. Listening Quiz 2. Carbon dioxide enters plants through ________ • Roots • Xylem • Stomata • Epidermis

  26. Listening Quiz 3. ______ have the job of opening and closing the stomata. • Roots • Xylem • Stomata • Guard cells

  27. Listening Quiz 4. When the guard cells open the stomata, ________ and carbon dioxide is released. • Carbon dioxide • Water • Stomata • Guard cells

  28. Listening Quiz 5. When the stomata are open, the leaf can let in carbon dioxide and give off __________. • Carbon dioxide • Water • Oxygen • Sugar

  29. Listening Quiz 6. The outer layer of a leaf is called the _____________. • Xylem • Phloem • Epidermis • Stomata

  30. Listening Quiz 7. The waterproof, waxy covering on the surface of leaves that keeps water from evaporating from the leaf is called ________. • Xylem • Cuticle • Epidermis • Stomata

  31. Listening Quiz 8. After photosynthesis occurs, the _______ carries sugars to other parts of the plant. • Xylem • Cuticle • Phloem • Stomata

  32. Listening Quiz 9. 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2 The equation about is a chemical equation for ______________. • Photosynthesis • Energy • Food • Stomata

  33. Listening Quiz 10. Energy for photosynthesis to take place comes from the _________. • Water • Leaves • Sun • Soil

  34. What is the photosynthesis and respiration cycle? • All living things need energy to carry out their life processes. • The photosynthesis and respirationcycle provides energy to plants and animals. • The sugar that plants produce during photosynthesis is a carbohydrate.

  35. What is the photosynthesis and respiration cycle? • Carbohydrate is the name for substances made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. • Simple carbohydrates can be stored as food or modified to make structural materials. • When plants store sugar, they usually store it as starch.

  36. What is the photosynthesis and respiration cycle? • The cell walls of plant cells are made of cellulose. • Starch and cellulose are complex carbohydrates made of thousands of simple sugar units.

  37. What is the photosynthesis and respiration cycle? • Animals depend on photosynthesis as their source of energy. • When animals eat plants, it takes in storedcarbohydrates from the plant.

  38. What is the photosynthesis and respiration cycle? • When animals are carnivores and eat other animals, they are taking in carbohydrates that animals gained from eating a plant in the first place.

  39. The wolf eats the deer and gains carbohydrates (energy) from the deer who originally gained it from the eating the grass. The deer eats the grass and gains carbohydrates (energy) from the grass. Grass gets energy from the sun. Then it produces carbohydrates through the process of photosynthesis.

  40. What is the photosynthesis and respiration cycle? • Some of the oxygen produced during photosynthesis is breathed in by animals during respiration. • Some of the oxygen is used by plants.

  41. What is the photosynthesis and respiration cycle? • When plants or animals need energy, they can get it from storedcarbohydrates. • The energy stored in carbohydrates is released when cells use oxygen to breakdown the sugars in a process called cellular respiration.

  42. What is the photosynthesis and respiration cycle? • Cellular respiration and photosynthesis can be thought of as opposites. • During cellular respiration, plant and animal cells produce carbon dioxide and water, which are then released back into the air. • During photosynthesis, plants use the carbon dioxide along with water to produce sugars.

  43. Listening Quiz • All living things need __________ in order to survive. • Energy • Photosynthesis • Carbon dioxide • Oxygen

  44. Listening Quiz 2. The sugar that plants produce during photosynthesis is a ________________ • Photosynthesis • Energy • Carbon dioxide • Carbohydrate

  45. Listening Quiz 3. _______ is a group of substances made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. • Photosynthesis • Carbohydrate • Carbon dioxide • Energy

  46. Listening Quiz 4. When plants store sugar, they usually store it as _________. • Water • Carbohydrate • Starch • Oxygen

  47. Listening Quiz 5. Plant’s cell walls are made of ______________. • Cytoplasm • Chloroplasts • Cellulose • Oxygen

  48. Listening Quiz 6. Animals depend on ________ as their source of energy. • Cytoplasm • Respiration • Cellulose • Photosynthesis

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