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Explore the fascinating world of light, from its various sources like incandescent and luminescent to the properties of shadows and image formation. Learn about the transmission of light in straight lines and how objects interact with it to create shadows and images. Understand the concepts of real and virtual images, as well as magnification equations. Discover the secrets of eclipses and the workings of a pinhole camera in this enlightening chapter on light.
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Chapter 1 – Light Intro to Light
Light: • Is a form of energy that is detected by our eyes • Materials with emit light are luminous • Ex. Light bulbs, burning match, sun • Most objects are non-luminous & don’t emit light • Ex. Desks, people, moon
Types of Light Sources: • Incandescent • Materials that emit light when heated • Ex. Filament of a light bulb • Luminescent • Materials that produce & emit light energy by a reaction which produces little heat • Ex. Fireflies, Glow sticks
Types of Light Sources: • Fluorescent • Materials that emit light by absorbing high-energy radiation • Ex. Fluorescent lightbulb • Phosphorescent • Materials that “glow in the dark” • Ex. Watches
Transmission of Light: • Light travels in straight lines. • This property of light is called linear propagation • A ray is the path taken by light energy • A beam of light is a stream of light rays • May be parallel, converging, or diverging • A ray diagram uses straight lines with arrows to show the paths of rays of light
Shadows: • An object in the path of light will cast a shadow • There will often be two parts to the shadow: • umbra: area of total shadow • penumbra: area of partial shadow
Ex. Penumbra Light Umbra Penumbra • This is how eclipses work!!!
Try: pg 7 #3 Eclipse of the Sun: Sun Earth Moon
Try: pg 7 #3 Eclipse of the Moon: Sun Earth Moon Moon
Notice anything? Moving the obstacle: • The closer the obstacle to the screen, the less area of penumbra. • Obstacles far from the screen have large area of penumbra.
Forming Images: • An image that can be formed on a screen is called a real image • Ex. film • An image that cannot be formed on a screen is called a virtual image • Ex. reflection in mirror • An image can also be: • uprightor inverted • larger, smalleror same size • A pinhole camera creates an image that is real, inverted & smaller
Ex. Pinhole Camera Pinhole camera Object Image is inverted, smaller & real
The magnification equation: • Magnification: Note: For magn to be large, object must be closer to pinhole than the screen is OR
Ex. Calculate the height of the image of a tree 8m tall & 80m from a pinhole camera that is 20cm long. Also state the magnification
Ex. Calculate the height of a building 300m away from the pinhole that produces an image 3cm high in a pinhole camera 5cm long.
Try: pg 9 #1 & 3