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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles When We Can File-n-Fly ?!

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles When We Can File-n-Fly ?!. YangQuan Chen, Ph.D., Director, MESA (Mechatronics, Embedded Systems and Automation) Lab MEAM/EECS, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced E : yqchen@ieee.org ; or , yangquan.chen@ucmerced.edu

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles When We Can File-n-Fly ?!

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  1. Unmanned Aerial VehiclesWhen We Can File-n-Fly ?! YangQuan Chen, Ph.D., Director, MESA (Mechatronics, Embedded Systems and Automation)Lab MEAM/EECS, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced E: yqchen@ieee.org; or, yangquan.chen@ucmerced.edu T: (209)228-4672; O: SE1-254; Lab: Castle #22 (T: 228-4398) Oct. 03, 2012. Wednesday 12:30-13:20 SoE Professional Seminar, COB 265

  2. Outline • About the new MESA Lab • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles • When we can file-n-fly? • When we can file-n-fly! SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  3. MESA Labhttp://mechatronics.ucmerced.edu • Mechatronics, Embedded Systems and Automation • Backup name: Mechatronics, Energy Systems and Autonomy • ASME DED, MESA TC. http://iel.ucdavis.edu/mesa/ • 2013 MESA conference: Portland, OR http://www.asmeconferences.org/IDETC2013/ SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  4. MESA Lab Philosophy and Ambition • "We make real systems that work and others want them." • MESA Lab: Staying on top and for sustainability. • Nationally and internationally visible and prominent! SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  5. MESA Lab Founding Members • Dr. YangQuan Chen, Faculty • Dr. Huifang Dou, Lecturer • Brandon Stark, 3rd year Ph.D. student, Lab Manager • 3 visiting research scholars • 4 undergraduate researchers • 2013 (5 more confirmed) • 1 Ph.D. to join 1/1/2013, 1 Ph.D. to join 5/1/2013 • 1 Postdoc to join Fall 2013 • 2 more visiting scholars to join in 2013 SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  6. MESA Research Areas/Strengths • Unmanned Aerial Systems and UAV-based Personal Remote Sensing (PRS) • Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) • Modeling and Control of Renewable Energy Systems • Mechatronics • Applied Fractional Calculus (AFC) SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  7. Mechatronics has good prospects for the future because knowledge economy demands to speed up development, improve quality, reduce cost and increase energy efficiency. Kevin Craig, Marquette Univ. SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  8. Outline • About the new MESA Lab • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles • When we can file-n-fly? • When we can file-n-fly! SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  9. UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle • Also called Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS), • an aircraft that is controlled by Navigation electronics without human pilot on board. • Figure: Global Hawk UAV http://www.wpclipart.com/armed_services/airplanes/airplanes_3/Global_Hawk_UAV.png

  10. UAV History • The first “claimed” heavier-than-air, powered flight was of a UAV, over the Potomac River, by Dr. Sam Langley (1896) • The first radio-controlled UAV flights were converted Navy trainers, flown over Long Island (1917) • The first mass production UAV was the Kettering Bug, costing $400 and capable of carrying a 300 lb bomb (1918) • The British Queen Bee UAV was landed by dragging a weighted antenna line on the ground, which then pulled back the stick and the throttle (1935) • 4 UAVs with 2000 lb bombs attacked the Japanese merchantman, YamazukiMaru, scoring two direct hits (1944) • Marilyn Monroe was “discovered” while working in the Radioplane OQ-3 UAV factory (1945) [1].

  11. UAV History Pre World War II Kettering Bug (1918) Aerial Torpedo UAV Radioplane 0Q-2A (1935) Culver PQ-14B (1940) UAV UAV Target drones [1].

  12. Lightning Bug AQM-34 • UAV History 1960s Reconnaissance UAVs Kettering Bug (1918) Aerial Torpedo UAV UAV D21 Tagboard on M12 Mother Ship [1].

  13. EO Maverick EO Hobo • UAV History 1970s Combat UAVs - Have Lemon AQM-34 Kettering Bug (1918) Aerial Torpedo UAV UAV [1].

  14. Boeing YQM-94A B-Gull Teledyne Ryan YQM-96A R-Tern Endurance 28 hrs 11 min Un-refueled • UAV History 1970s Kettering Bug (1918) Aerial Torpedo Reconnaissance (Recce) UAVs UAV Compass Cope - High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) [1].

  15. YF-16 RPRV HiMAT Self-Repairing Flight Control Sys. XBQM-106 • UAV History 1970s Flight Research UAVs Kettering Bug (1918) Aerial Torpedo [1].

  16. Pioneer - USN/USMC US Army Hunter • UAV History 1980s Tactical and Medium Endurance UAVs Kettering Bug (1918) Aerial Torpedo GNAT-750 MR - UAV [1].

  17. Outrider (TUAV) Predator (Tier II) • UAV History 1990s DARO UAVs Kettering Bug (1918) Aerial Torpedo Global Hawk (Tier II+) Dark Star (Tier III-) [1].

  18. Global Hawk & Predator • UAV History Kettering Bug (1918) Aerial Torpedo Outrider (TUAV Global Hawk (Tier II+) Dark Star (Tier III-) [1].

  19. UAV Applications • Military applications • Civilian applications

  20. UAV Military Applications • Reconnaissance Surveillance and Target Acquisition (RSTA) • Surveillance for peacetime and combat Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) • Deception operations • Maritime operations (Naval fire support, over the horizon targeting, anti-ship missile defense, ship classification) [3].

  21. UAV Military Applications • Electronic Warfare (EW) and signals intelligence (SIGINT) • Special and psychological Operations (PSYOPS) • Meteorology missions • Route and landing reconnaissance support • Adjustment of indirect fire and Close Air Support (CAS) • Battle Damage Assessment (BDA) • Radio and data relay [3].

  22. UAV Military Applications http://baronshobbies.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/uav4tf3.jpg http://media.defenseindustrydaily.com/images/AIR_UAV_RQ-4_Global_Hawk_High_Flight_lg.jpg

  23. UAV Civilian Applications • Security • Security and Control • Aerial Reconnaissance • Aerial Policeman and Crowd Monitoring • Aerial Traffic and Security Watch • Search and Rescue • Maritime and Mountain Search and Rescue • Life raft Deployment • Rescue point marking [7].

  24. UAV Civilian Applications http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Air_Force_U-2_reconnaissance_aircraft.jpg http://img2.scoop.co.nz/stories/images/0906/choppers.in.mountain.jpeg http://uscgalaska.blogspot.com/2010/07/air-station-kodiak-hh-65-dolphin.html

  25. UAV Civilian Applications • Monitoring • Civil engineering sites • Waterways and shipping • Oil and gas pipeline • Forestry • Fishery Protection • The countryside • Pollution Control and Air Sampling • Crop Performance • Litter on beaches and in parks [7].

  26. UAV Civilian Applications http://www.ouc.com/Libraries/OUC_Images/stanton3.sflb.ashx http://www.britannica.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/pipeline.jpg http://www.agronomy.k-state.edu/extension/DesktopModules/IM.aspx?I=3298&M=0

  27. UAV Civilian Applications • Disaster Management • Disaster effects management • Rescue and clear up effort supervision • Disaster damage estimation • Crop Management • Countryside and Agriculture • Agricultural Activities • Crop Dusting [7].

  28. UAV Civilian Applications http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_-j3KQ2okBmw/S-SMT_Xv9nI/AAAAAAAADd8/fhoPv-khcy8/s1600/nashville+flood.jpg http://consci.s3.amazonaws.com//wp-content/uploads/crop-duster1.jpg

  29. UAV Civilian Applications • Communications • Telecommunications • Telecom relay and signal coverage survey • Survey • Oil and Gas Exploration and Production • Mineral exploration • Geophysical surveys [7].

  30. UAV Civilian Applications http://www.defensemedianetwork.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/161.jpg http://ceoworld.biz/ceo/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/Verenex-Energy-oil.jpg

  31. UAV Civilian Applications • Research • Scientific research of any nature (environmental, atmospheric, archaeological, pollution etc) can be carried out by UAVs equipped with the appropriate payloads. http://med.ee.nd.edu/MED9/Papers/Aerial_vehicles/med01-164.pdf http://www.spyplanes.com/pages_new/products.htm

  32. Introduction to Paparazzi Project Paparazzi is an open-source autopilot system oriented toward inexpensive autonomous aircraft of all types. The project began in 2003 and has enjoyed constant growth and evolution ever since. The system has been used on dozens of airframes and implemented by several teams around the world. Hundreds of hours of autonomous flight have been successfully achieved with the Paparazzi system. [25].

  33. Overview of the Paparazzi system [26].

  34. Airborne components • Autopilot • Battery • Datalink • GPS • Infrared (Original) • Motor • Payload • Receiver • Servo [26].

  35. System Architecture Communications between the Paparazzi Agents Aircraft Sends telemetry messages Receives datalink messages Data is sent with messages Divided into 3 classes: - Telemetry - Ground - Datalink datalink Wireless link telemetry Link Connects a hardware Wireless device to the network GCS Displays graphic data Controls the datalink ground Ground network ground ground telemetry Messages (Debug) Display network messages Server Logs raw messages Dispatches synthetic messages [25].

  36. OSAM UAV Team won 2nd@ AUVSI UAS Competition, June 2008 Utah State – Wins $8,000 for 2nd Place Overall, 2nd Place in Mission, Honorable Mention in both Orals and Journal, and Prize Barrels for Autonomous Mission Flight, Autonomous Landing, JAUS and Perfect Identification of the Off-Path Target. http://www.engr.usu.edu/wiki/index.php/OSAM SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  37. We won #1 in AUVSI 2009 UAS Competition!! • June 17-21, 2009. Maryland AFB. • $14000 cash award. • Other registered participants: UCSD, MIT, Cornell, NCSU etc. • We made some headlines including ESPN2! • We are the second time to participate this event! • UCSD, Embry Riddle,Cornell, U Alberta, UT Austin. Watch us at http://www.youtube.com/user/USUOSAM SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  38. We won #1 again in AUVSI’11 UAS Competition!! • June 15-19, 2011. Maryland AFB. • $13400 cash award. Swept all three categories. • Other registered participants: UCSD, NCSU, UT Austin etc. • First time in the competition history to win 1st place twice. • VTOL team made history too by flying waypoints autonomously Watch our UAV-based real world applications (not just for fun!) at http://aggieair.usu.edu SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  39. Outline • About the new MESA Lab • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles • When we can file-n-fly? • When we can file-n-fly! SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  40. FAA: Federal Aviation Administration • Illegal flight unless authorized! (COA) • Too hard to get COA (certification of authorization) • Private company (university) cannot get COA! Only possible for government departments (public universities)! • A sample COA we got is at http://aggieair.usu.edu SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  41. FAA Retasking • In the United States, lawmakers just passed a long awaited bill setting requirements to integrate unmanned aerial systems (UAS) in the national airspace (NAS) on Feb. 6, 2012. Such requirements would set deadlines for full-scale integration in fall 2015. • NASA UAS2NAS $12.5M (only two universities awarded: USU and NMSU SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  42. Outline • About the new MESA Lab • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles • When we can file-n-fly? • When we can file-n-fly! SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  43. When we can file-n-fly! The new era of Personal Remote Sensing (PRS)! SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  44. An Analogy • 1970s: Personal Computer (PC): Bill Gates/Steve Jobs • 2010s: Personal Remote Sensing (PRS) - ???? • Low cost, affordable. Robust, easy to use • Run way free; Autonomous/cognitive • Swarm/coven; • Enabling new apps and services • Google 4D map (x,y,z,t) paid service • Ubiquitous remote sensing (Twitter as sensors …) • … SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  45. WaterWatch? • Right time • Right place • Right amount Water resources, Gates, flumes Irrigation control irrigators Weather, climate Geo-Domain demand UAVs human Water rights crops calibration animals etc. Ground sensor pods www.athertonsc.qld.gov.au/ photogallery.htm Credit: Dr. YangQuan Chen, 2005 SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!" http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2004/0729soilshowdown.html

  46. A water treatment lagoon as a UAS-enabled CPS to create biofuel from waste SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  47. Algal Bloom Tracking & Modeling SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  48. Agriculture in 2100swhen no more synthetic fertilizers available SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  49. Key references • Long Di and YangQuan Chen. “Multi UAV Systems.” Course slide set for ECE6930 Independent Study Course. pp. 1-850. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Utah State University, 2009-2011. • [1]. THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, AIRCRAFT DESIGN (ASE 261K) and DESIGN LABORATORY (ASE 161M), Dr. Armand J. Chaput. http://www.ae.utexas.edu/ASE261KChaput/ SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

  50. UAV PRS References • Y.Q. Chen, D. L. Dee, A. Jenson, Multi-UAV Based Multi-Spectrum Collaborative Personal Remote Sensing: Concepts, Platform & Applications, Invited Full Day Tutorial at 2011 ICUAS, Denver, CO, (2011) • Y.Q. Chen, A. Jenson, G. Strahan, C. Coopmans, Low-Cost UAV-based precision thermal infrared (TIR) mapping – A new Personal Remote Sensing capability: UAV Platform, TIR Payload, in-flight calibration and applications, Invited Full Day Tutorial at 2012 ICUAS, Philadelphia, PA, (2012) SoE Professional Seminar "UAV: When we can file-n-fly?!"

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